Rome Builds an Empire Chapter 11.4
Tennessee State Standards 6.63 Describe the influence of Julius Caesar and Augustus in Rome’s transition from a republic to an empire and explain the reasons for the growth and long life of the Roman Empire. (C, E, G, H, P) · Military organization, tactics, and conquests and decentralized administration · the purpose and functions of taxes · the promotion of economic growth through the use of a standard currency, road construction, and the protection of trade routes · the benefits of a Pax Romana 6.64 Reflect on the impact of the lives of Cleopatra, Marc Anthony, Nero, Diocletian, and Constantine, city of Constantinople on the Roman Empire. (H, P) 6.65 Identify the location of and the political and geographic reasons for, the growth of Roman territories and expansion of the empire, including how the empire fostered economic growth through the use of currency and trade routes. 6.68 Analyze how internal and external forces caused the disintegration of the Roman Empire: including rise of autonomous military powers, political corruption, moral decay, economic and political instability, shrinking trade, invasions, and attacks by Germanic tribes. (E,G, H, P) 6.70 Explain the spread of the Roman alphabet and the Latin language
The Rule of Augustus Pax Romana “Roman Peace” 200 years of peace and prosperity Height of Rome’s power Ended c.180 A.D.
What Reforms Did Augustus Make? Permanent professional army Praetorian Guard (9,000 men to guard him) Empire’s boundaries were along natural physical features Made it easier to defend Rebuilt buildings Improved government Proconsul oversaw provinces Tax collectors were made government officials Changed the legal system Gave grain to the poor
Emperors After Augustus Tiberius, adopted son of Augustus, took over in A.D. 14 Julio-Claudian emperors Caligula –crazy, cruel, Praetorian Guard murdered him Claudius – effective ruler Nero – cruel, committed suicide after Senate found him guilty of treason
The Roman Peace Vespasian A.D. 69 became emperor Restored order and peace Son, Titus, defeated Jewish rebels and destroyed the temple Built the Colosseum Sons, Titus and Domitian ruled after his death A.D. 79 – Mount Vesuvius destroys Pompeii
Five Good Emperors Nerva Trajan Hadrian Antoninus Pius Marcus Aurelius A.D. 96- A.D. 180 Did not abuse power Economic growth Programs to help poor Improved roads and bridges Built aqueducts
A United Empire A. D. 100’s Empire was almost the size of the United States A.D. 212 every free person was a citizen Treated the same under Roman laws
The Empire’s Economy Agriculture Additional grain was imported Industry Pottery, jewelry, cloth, and glass Common currency Standard weights and measurements Roads Navy Trade throughout the empire Made many wealthy