Aim: How did America’s foreign policy from 1890-1920 reflect a change from earlier positions? Do Now: Answer the following questions in your notebook: What is an empire? Why would a country want to build an empire? How does a nation build an empire? Do you believe the United States is an empire today or was ever an empire? Explain with details. Homework: a) Crash Course in US History – Imperialism Google Form on website and Google Classroom

Why would a country want to build an empire? Do Now What is an empire? Why would a country want to build an empire? How does a nation build an empire? Do you believe the United States is an empire today or was ever an empire? Explain with details.

Henry Cabot Lodge Quote How was the society and economy of America changing in the late 19th century?   Why would these changes encourage some people to advocate Imperialist policies? What social philosophy of the time period does Senator Henry Cabot Lodge believe in? Why?

The White Man’s Burden “The White Man’s Burden” is a poem by the English poet Rudyard Kipling. the supposed responsibility of the white race to provide care for their non-white subjects.

Factors that led to the United States to follow a foreign policy of imperialism New Technology - improvements in transportation and communication shortened distances around the world. Drive for Markets and Raw Materials - business owners wanted access to raw materials for their factories and more oversea markets to sell their products and help provide economic stability. Growth of Naval Power - As foreign trade grew, the United States needed to protect their shipping routes and needed to establish naval bases around the globe to refuel and resupply ships.

Closing of the Frontier - the frontier was officially closed in 1893 and many Americans believed the country should expand beyond its current borders. Social Darwinism - The United States believed it was superior to other nations and believed that superior nations had to dominate inferior nations in order to survive. Missionary Spirit - The United States wanted to help spread Christianity and “civilization” to other people of the world.

Differing Views on Imperialism “Just beyond the Philippines are China’s illimitable (limitless) markets…China is our natural customer…[Britain, Germany and Russia] have moved nearer to China by securing permanent bases on her borders. The Philippines give us a base at the door of all the East… they [the Filipinos] are a barbarous race, modified by three centuries of contact with a decadent race [the Spanish]…It is barely possible that 1,000 men in all the archipelago are capable of self-government in the Anglo-Saxon sense… The Declaration [of Independence] applies only to people capable of self-government.” -Senator Alfred Beveridge (1900) “We hold that the policy known as imperialism is hostile to liberty and tends towards militarism… We regret that it has become necessary in the land of Washington and Lincoln to reaffirm that all men, of whatever race or color, are entitled to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. We maintain that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed. We insist that the subjugation (conquest) of any people is “criminal aggression” and open disloyalty to the distinctive principles of our government.” -Platform of the American Anti-Imperialist League ( 1899)

Differing Views on Imperialism Arguments for US Imperialism Arguments against US Imperialism US needed to continue its frontier experience overseas US belief in cultural superiority (Ethnocentrism) Need for natural resources for industrialization Belief in Social Darwinism Goes against Christian Beliefs Imperialism is undemocratic US does not have a large enough military Foreign Policy of Neutrality

Acquisitions During Imperialism Alaska William Seward, Johnson’s Secretary of State, arranged for the US to buy Alaska for $ 7.2 million from Russia Seward had trouble convincing the House of Representatives to approve the purchase “Seward’s Icebox” 2 cents/acre US acquired lands rich in timber, minerals and OIL Became a state in 1959

Acquisitions During Imperialism Hawaii Independent country ruled by a monarch Large sugar plantations US led revolution against Hawaiian ruler President Cleveland refused to annex Hawaii because it was taken by force  Independent Republic of Hawaii Finally annexed during Spanish-American war

Sum It Up – Exit Slip How do the justifications for US imperialism have their roots in the Progressive Movement? How do the justifications for US imperialism have their roots in the Industrial Revolution?