1. Aim #54: Why did Americans explore the possibilities of national expansion and imperialism in the 19 th century? Do now! Please answer do now questions using homework and prior knowledge to assist you (just the first side)

2. (I)BACKGROUND ON IMPERIALISM a.Since 1790s: US focused on western expansion b.(1893) Frederick Jackson Turner says frontier is closed” (the Census Bureau stated that all the land within the United States was claimed so no more frontier) c.(1890s) mark transition in US history to US as a global power d.Definition: a policy of extending a country’s power and influence over weaker countries through political, economic or military control

3. (II)MOTIVES FOR IMPERIALISM a.economic: open up markets abroad, access to cheap raw materials 1.Panic of 1893 led to economic depression 2.US had surplus goods and foodstuffs b. Political: desire to compete with other nations c. Strategic/military: acquire naval bases 1.Alfred T Mahan “The Influence of Sea Power”: need to have a powerful navy (larger military tends to create a more aggressive foreign policy) 2.Building of the Panama Canal d. Ideological: idea of “white man’s burden” (Rudyard Kipling) 1.Social Darwinism 2.Reverend Josiah Strong’s “Our Country”: white civilizations are superior 3.Must colonize other lands to spread “superior” civilization

4. Imperialism

5. Seward’s Icebox ● In 1867, Secretary of State, William Seward arranges for the United States to buy Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million ● Many thought this was crazy ● One of the Greatest Moves… ● 1959 Alaska becomes a state ● Land rich in timber, minerals, and OIL!!!! ● ALL for 2 cents an acre!!!!!

6. Annexation of Hawaii ● Hawaii was an independent nation ● Allowed United States to have military base in Pearl Harbor ● But… by the mid 1800’s most of the businesses were owned by Americans (Sugar Plantations) ● Cry for Annexation ● Businesses are American ● Many immigrants (Japanese) ● Native Population decreasing (disease)

7. Annexation cont. ● Wealthy business owners with the help of US Marines overthrow the government of Hawaii ● Mr. Dole ● Created the Republic of Hawaii in 1894 ● Which was annexed by the United States on August 12, 1898 ● Hawaii became a state in 1959

8. Analyze This Cartoon: What is it saying about Imperialism??? How could it be adjusted for today???