Do Now I. Use inalienable in a sentence II. Define tolerance Conduct cards out Complete on Do Now sheet for Week of 11.13: I. Use inalienable in a sentence II. Define tolerance III. What is the focus in studying philosophy?

The Enlightenment: “The Age of Reason”

The Enlightenment An intellectual movement which began in England in the 17th century. Its purpose was to reform society using reason and the scientific method.

The Enlightenment It promoted scientific thought and skepticism. Skepticism = doubt in the truth of something It opposed superstition and intolerance and made the Catholic Church its main target.

The Enlightenment: A Time of Reason and Science The Enlightenment sprang from the ideas developed during the Renaissance and Reformation, where challenging current beliefs and norms was often encouraged. The Enlightenment emphasized reason and science as the path to knowledge. Enlightenment thinkers stressed observation as a means to understand the world.

The Enlightenment: A Time of Reason and Science The Enlightenment was a time when thinkers, or philosophers, applied natural laws to the sciences and to societies. These laws often came from the Scientific Revolution. They just applied those ideas to the world around them. Enlightenment ideas about natural rights and government influenced leaders in Europe and colonies around the world.

What should YOU know about The Enlightenment? Movement beginning in Europe Knowledge, reason, & science could improve society Schools of higher learning (colleges and universities) open across America Best known American scientist

I know, I know. Groan quietly in your head. Like every other time period we’ve studied, there are some important people… I know, I know. Groan quietly in your head.

Remember these two from the Scientific Revolution Remember these two from the Scientific Revolution? They’re still relevant to the Enlightenment. Isaac Newton: Father of modern science Discovers gravity Rene Descartes Thought proves existence. “I think, therefore I am.”

Introducing: The Enlightenment Thinkers a.k.a Men of Society These are the guys who want to change the way society works.

Thomas Hobbes Believed that humans were naturally selfish. He thought that an absolute government, with a strong monarch, is the only way to keep man “in check.” Safe to say that he did not believe the people were capable of ruling themselves.

John Locke He believed that humans are naturally kind. He states that man has inalienable rights that cannot be taken away: LIFE, LIBERTY, AND PROPERTY. The Social Contract Theory: You and the Government have an unwritten contract. You agree to let them rule as long as Government protects your inalienable rights. If they don’t, you have the right to choose a new government.

Baron Charles de Montesquieu Believed that one big government is ineffective. Tiers of governments work best because they can better address the needs of people. For example: Empire Region County Village The division of power is known as federalism

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Believed that true liberty happens when the government can keep watch over itself. Basically, it can self-regulate its policies and behavior. Argued that government must have a free and independent body to argue for the people. Parliament in England Congress in the United States His ideas were an early form of checks and balances.

The Enlightenment influenced the colonists … Examine the ideas of these four men. Take 5 minutes and list at least 3 ways the Enlightenment movement argued against an absolute monarchy.

When you are done taking your guided notes Put this note sheet as page seven in your notebook Complete the following: Vocab chart (if you did not yesterday) Achieve3000 (if it is not already done) Test corrections (see Teams assignments for Tuesday) Vocabulary extra credit (see next slide for details)

Enlightenment Vocabulary Extra Credit Create ten original multiple-choice vocabulary questions with an answer key Questions must test on word meaning, but be in a variety of formats (ie. Should not all be worded as “The definition of ____ is…”) Questions and answer options should be challenging (ie. Not ridiculous answer choices) Due Thursday