Ecological Succession Biology 3/23/18 Mrs. Harper

March 23, 2018 Begin working on Do Now

Do Now 3/23/18 1. Define conservation and sustainable development. 2. What is deforestation? 3. What is overfishing? 4. What is desertification? 5. What is acid rain? What are its effects? 6. What causes global warming? 7. What are the effects of releasing CFCs into the atmosphere?

Ecological Succession Ecosystems change all the time, hurricanes blow in, volcanoes blow up and forests burn. These events can be devastating. Ecological succession- stages of repopulation after a natural disaster of destruction of some sort to an environment

Primary Succession Primary succession- follows a disturbance that destroys all the living things and soil in an area Examples Occurs close to a volcanic eruption where red-hot lava has flowed over the land Occurs after glaciers recede from an area leaving piles of rocks on barren land

Glacier Receding

Secondary Succession Secondary succession- follows a disturbance that has wiped out most living things but has not destroyed the soil Examples Hurricanes blowing down strands of trees Cutting or burning down a forest Soil is present so new plant life can regrow.

Checks For Understanding What is the main difference between primary and secondary succession? Would forest fire destruction cause primary or secondary succession? Would a glacier receding cause primary or secondary succession?

Pioneer Species Pioneer species- first organisms to return to a community after disturbance Examples: mosses and lichens These species break down rocks which is the first step in the production of soil

Stages of Succession 1. Pioneer species (lichens and mosses) break down rocks 2. Soil develops and seeds sprout to produce grasses, shrubs, wildflowers (animals begin to move in) 3. Trees like aspen begin to grow creating shade which causes grass to die off 4. Other trees like white spruce replace first tree population (this is a climax community)

Climax Community Climax community- stage in which the ecosystem does not change much In cool areas, climax community is a coniferous forest In warmer areas, climax community is a deciduous forest In warm areas, climax community may be a grassland or prairie

Stages of Succession Write a brief description and draw a sketch in the boxes below for each stage

Stage 1 Pioneer species break down rocks Write the Above Description Sketch the image

Stage 2 Soil develops/seeds sprout to produce grasses (early colonizers)

Stage 3 Smaller trees (opportunists) grow & shade causes grass to die off

Stage 4 Large trees (mature forest) forms climax community

EOC PRACTICE Pioneer species come in when there is NO SOIL. -Which is causing primary succession?

EOC PRACTICE Succession is measured by presence of soil and regrowth

EOC PRACTICE These changes represent the stages of succession.