Unit 3 -- Review Colonization to Royal Government

EXPLORATION

Why did Hernando de Soto explore much of Georgia in 1540? Rumors of large gold deposits

Why was de Soto’s expedition considered a failure? De Soto did not find any gold or riches.

How did de Soto’s march through Georgia change the lives and culture of Native Americans? The expedition resulted in the death of thousands of Native Americans from violence and disease.

The main purpose of the Spanish mission in the barrier islands was to Convert the Indians to Catholicism.

COLONIZATION

Which countries were major colonizers of North America? France Great Britain Spain

The first permanent British settlement in the New World was built at Jamestown, Virginia

The first permanent Spanish settlement in the New World was established at St. Augustine, Florida

What was the name of the first British fort constructed in Georgia? Fort King George Darien, Georgia

During the early 1700’s, the French, Spanish, and British had several conflicts in the territory that would eventually become Georgia. Why were these three countries interested in this region? All three countries had an interest in expanding; France’s trade from the west, Spain’s mission systems from the south and Great Britain’s trade networks from the north.  

a military protective zone between English and Spanish settlements. One of the reasons given for the colonization of Georgia was to serve as a buffer colony. This meant that Georgia was a military protective zone between English and Spanish settlements.

Why did James Oglethorpe suggest forming a colony for the poor? Oglethorpe was angry when his friend died and he felt that debtors should not have to go to jail.

semi-tropical fruit, spices, indigo, silk What items did Oglethorpe promise to send back to Great Britain from the new colony of Georgia? semi-tropical fruit, spices, indigo, silk

Which term BEST describes the kind of people Oglethorpe and his associates wanted to bring to Georgia?  poor but worthy

The Latin motto of the trustees, Non Sibi Sed Allis, meant “Not for themselves but for others.” What does this mean? The trustees established Georgia for the purpose of helping the poor, not for the purpose of making themselves rich.

Describe the provisions of Georgia’s charter 1) gave the king of England control of the colony 2) prohibited Catholics from becoming colonists 3) banned liquor in the colony.

When did King George II grant Oglethorpe and his group a charter for the colony of Georgia? 1732

According to the Georgia’s charter, what religious group was not allowed to settle in Georgia? Catholics

According to Georgia’s charter which group of people was forbidden to enter Georgia? Blacks

The trustees could not hold office. What policy did the king make to ensure that the trustees did not take personal advantage of their position? The trustees could not hold office.  

What ship brought Oglethorpe and the first colonists to Charleston, then Savannah, during the winter of 1733? Ann

use a portion of their land to grow mulberry trees. Those who were selected to settle the colony of Georgia were required to grow which tree on a portion of their land? use a portion of their land to grow mulberry trees.

What Indians were led by Tomochichi? Yamacraw  

Who served as the interpreter between the Indians and Oglethorpe? Mary Musgrove

Tomochichi allowed James Oglethorpe to settle on Yamacraw Bluff overlooking which river? Savannah River

Describe Oglethorpe’s plan for the establishment of Savannah city planned around open squares

How was Tomochichi significant to the development of early Georgia? Mediator between the colonists and the Yamacraw

Why was James Oglethorpe important to the colony of Georgia? He led the initiative to get the Charter to start the colony.

Why did German Salzburgers come to Georgia? to escape religious persecution

Which country posed the greatest threat to the Georgia colony? Spanish soldiers in Florida

Who were the malcontents of the early Georgia colony? people who were unhappy and constantly complaining about the policies of the trustees

What was the importance of the Battle of Bloody Marsh? It was the beginning of a safe southern frontier for the British.  

What group came to the aid of James Oglethorpe in the Battle of Bloody Marsh? Highland Scots 

What group was greatly opposed to trustee laws banning rum, slavery, and land purchases? Malcontents  

What impact did the departure of Oglethorpe to England have on the Georgia colony? Great impact; under the new leader most of the restrictive laws were changed.  

In 1752, Georgia changed from a trustee colony to which kind of a colony? royal colony  

Who controlled Georgia after it became a royal colony? king of Great Britain    

Who was the first royal governor of Georgia? John Reynolds    

While John Reynolds was its royal governor, Georgia established court system

Which person served as the last royal governor of Georgia? James Wright  

They were appointed by the royal governor. When Georgia was a royal colony, how were members of the upper house of the legislature, the Governor’s Council chosen? They were appointed by the royal governor.

Review Questions

Into which hemisphere does the prime meridian place Georgia? western hemisphere  

Marcus is travelling in the northwest portion of Georgia Marcus is travelling in the northwest portion of Georgia. He notices that as he travels he is consistently going over steep hills and plateaus and then back into low areas. In which geographic region is Marcus travelling? Valley and Ridge  

Georgia is divided into five different physical regions Georgia is divided into five different physical regions. Which one of these covers the largest part of the state? Coastal Plain  

In which region is the Okefenokee Swamp located? Coastal Plain  

Georgia’s climate attracts business and industry because the state has a consistently mild climate  

Over the past several decades, many international companies have moved their manufacturing and production warehouses to Georgia. Since these goods have to be shipped once they are produced, why is Georgia a wise choice for these companies? he interaction of our airports, roads, deepwater ports, and railroads makes it easy to ship goods in, around, and out of the state.  

What is the oldest known Native American culture in North America? Paleo Culture  

During which period was the use of pottery introduced? Archaic  

Why do archaeologists think that prehistoric Indians believed in some form of life after death? burial mounds contained items such as tools, tobacco pipes, and weapons.  

Native American cultures The following describes the evolution of which group of people? Development of smaller, more pointed arrowheads. Greater use of agriculture More elaborate burial sites. Native American cultures

Describe life of the Native Americans before and after European exploration

• Compare and contrast James Oglethorpe’s vision for the new colony of Georgia with the reality of what the new colony of Georgia was really like when it was first settled.

• Describe those who contributed to the establishment of the Georgia colony.

•Describe the layout of the first city in Georgia, Savannah.

• Compare and contrast Georgia as a trustee colony and Georgia as a royal colony.

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