Molecular (Covalent) Nomenclature for diatomic nonmetals Two of the same atom Group 7 - Halogens 3. Name the element.

Molecular (Covalent) Nomenclature for two nonmetals Prefix System (binary compounds) 1. Less electronegative atom comes first. 2. Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms. Omit mono- prefix on the FIRST element. Mono- it’s NOT optional on the second element. 3. Change the ending of the second element to -ide.

The prefix mono- is never used with the first element. 1- 6- 2- 7- 3- 8- 4- 9- 5- 10- hexa mono di hepta tri octa nona tetra penta deca

Molecular Nomenclature: Examples CCl4 N2O SF6 carbon tetrachloride dinitrogen monoxide sulfur hexafluoride

More Molecular Examples arsenic trichloride dinitrogen pentoxide tetraphosphorus decoxide AsCl3 N2O5 P4O10

Learning Check Fill in the blanks to complete the following names of covalent compounds. CO carbon ______oxide CO2 carbon _____ chloride PCl3 phosphorus _______chloride CCl4 carbon ________chloride N2O _____nitrogen _____oxide

Solution CO carbon monoxide CO2 carbon dioxide PCl3 phosphorus trichloride CCl4 carbon tetrachloride N2O dinitrogen monoxide

Learning Check 1. P2O5 diphosphorus pentoxide 2. Cl2O7 3. Cl2 dichlorine heptoxide chlorine

Acids Acids are ionic compounds Even though they contain only nonmetals They are held together due to the charges of the ions.

Acid Nomenclature Acids Examples: Compounds that form H+ in water. Formulas usually begin with ‘H’. In order to be an acid instead of a gas, binary acids must be aqueous (dissolved in water) Ternary acids are ALL aqueous Examples: HCl (aq) – hydrochloric acid HNO3 – nitric acid H2SO4 – sulfuric acid

Acid Nomenclature An easy way to remember which goes with which… Binary  Ternary An easy way to remember which goes with which… “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”

Acid Nomenclature Flowchart

Acid Nomenclature HBr (aq) H2CO3 H2SO3  hydrobromic acid 2 elements, -ide  hydrobromic acid 3 elements, -ate  carbonic acid 3 elements, -ite  sulfurous acid

Acid Nomenclature (don’t forget to balance the charges!) hydrofluoric acid sulfuric acid nitrous acid 2 elements  H+ F-  HF (aq) 3 elements, -ic  H+ SO42-  H2SO4 3 elements, -ous  H+ NO2-  HNO2

Name ‘Em! HI (aq) HCl(aq) H2SO3 HNO3 HIO4 Hydroiodic acid Hydrochloric acid Sulfurous acid Nitric acid Periodic acid

Write the Formula! Hydrobromic acid Nitrous acid Carbonic acid Phosphoric acid Hydrotelluric acid HBr (aq) HNO2 H2CO3 H3PO4 H2Te (aq)