Notes Science SPI 0807.T/E.2 Eng Design Process Tennessee Science SPI Standard: (0807.T/E.2) Evaluate a protocol to determine if the engineering design process was successfully applied. Tennessee US History Standard: (US.73) Describe the competition between the two “superpowers” of the United States and the Soviet Union in the areas of arms development, economic dominance, and ideology… Tennessee US History Standard: (US.104) Evaluate technological and scientific advances, including the work of significant innovators…in the fields of medicine, transportation, communication… Tennessee US History (former) Standard: (US.88) Describe President Kennedy’s…program to propel the United States to superiority in the Space Race

Space Shuttles: After the “Space Race” to the Moon, Russia and US designed reusable spacecraft with wings that could glide down to Earth. USA: Enterprise-1976 Russia: Buran-1988

US Space Shuttle: In Orbit This winged spacecraft (called orbiter) was designed to operate in orbit around our planet. The orbiter was 122 feet long and 78 feet wide. US Space Shuttle: In Orbit

US Space Shuttle Used to carry satellites to and from Earth’s orbit Had a large robotic arm to deploy or retrieve satellites Space Shuttle (USA) Satellite

US Space Shuttle Used to conduct experiments in a weight-less environment US Space Shuttle With Space Lab Module Space Lab

US Space Shuttle Carried supplies and people to the International Space Station. I.S.S. Shuttle

US built six shuttles: (one prototype & five operation spacecraft) 1) Enterprise (prototype), 2) Columbia, 3) Challenger, 4) Discovery, 5) Atlantis, and 6) Endeavor

Space Shuttles: (Lift Off) Shuttles would blast off using two large (white) booster rockets. After their fuel was all burned up, the two booster rockets were jettisoned to fall into the ocean to be picked up later by ships. View Video Clip: Link 01 (1 min 26 sec): Blast Off Link 02 (5 min): Lift Off and Booster Rocket Descent Space Shuttle (USA) Blasting Off

Space Shuttle: (In Orbit) The Russian shuttle only flew in orbit once (unmanned). US shuttles successfully completed 135 manned orbital missions. USA: 135 Missions Russia: 1 Mission

Space Shuttle: (Landing) After completing its orbital mission, the spacecraft would re-enter the atmosphere and glide down to land like an airplane. View Video Clip: Link (3 min 52 sec): Glide Landing Space Shuttle (USA) Landing

US program had two space shuttle disasters Space Shuttles US program had two space shuttle disasters Challenger (1986) -exploded 73 seconds after lift off Columbia (2003) -burned up during atmospheric re-entry Challenger (1986) -6 astronauts and 1 teacher died Video Link (5 min 5 sec): Challenger Explosion Video Columbia (2003) -7 astronauts died Video Link (3 min 43 sec): Columbia Disaster Video

Space Shuttle Discovery Space Shuttle: (Replacement?) The Space Shuttle program was retired in 2011. Video Clip: Link (2 min 23 sec): Inside A Space Shuttle Several aerospace companies have developed new smaller spacecraft to replace the Space Shuttle. Space Shuttle Discovery (Smithsonian Museum) X-33 Lockheed Martin Dream Chaser Sierra Nevada X-37 Boeing

Orbited Earth for 1, 367 days during its first three missions. Published May 2015 X-37 Orbital Test Vehicle X-37 Orbital Test Vehicle X-37 Orbital Test Vehicle Orbited Earth for 1, 367 days during its first three missions. Stayed in space for 674 days on its third mission.

Brainpop Video Enrichment: Watch a Brainpop video about Space Flight Click on this link and log in: Brainpop website