Global and Local Winds Why does Air Move ? What is the Coriolis effect ? What are global winds ? What are local winds ? Describe the formation of land and sea breezes

Why does Air Move ? The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure is called Wind Differences in air pressure is caused by unequal heating of the earth Air at the equator is warmer and less dense so it rises creating an area of low pressure At the poles, the air is colder and more dense so it sinks creating areas of high pressure This cold polar air then flows towards the equator

What is the Coriolis Effect ? The apparent curving of the path of winds and ocean currents due to earth’s rotation is called the Coriolis effect Because of the coriolis effect, in the Northern Hemisphere winds traveling north curve east ( clockwise) and winds traveling south curve west ( counterclockwise) Flipped in the Southern Hemisphere

What are global winds ? The unequal heating of Earth’s atmosphere by sunlight produces global winds. The combination of high-pressure polar air + low-pressure equatorial air, and the coriolis effect produce global winds. The angle at which sunshine strikes Earth’s surface in MAINLY responsible for the unequal heating of Earth’s surface.

Local Winds Local Winds generally move short distances and can blow from any direction They are affected by the geographical features of an area, which can produce temperature differences that cause local winds Sea and land breezes are both examples of this

Land and Sea Breezes

Quick Check What combination creates global winds? a. low-pressure polar air and low-pressure equatorial air. b. low-pressure polar air and high-pressure equatorial air c. high-pressure polar air and high-pressure equatorial air d. high-pressure polar air and low pressure equatorial air

Quick Check What makes global winds curve rather than move in straight lines? a. differences in air pressure b. differences in density c. differences in temperature d.Earth’s rotation on its axis

Quick Check Which combination of properties describes cold air? a. high density and low pressure b. low density and low pressure c. high density and high pressure d. low density and high pressure

Quick Check Global winds blow a. now and then in unpredictable directions. b. now and then in predictable directions c. almost constantly in unpredictable directions d. almost constantly in predictable directions

Quick Check Which combination of properties describes warm air? a. low pressure and low density b. low pressure sand high density c. high pressure and high density d. high pressure and low density

Quick Check Differences in air pressure is called a. a tide. b. a current. c. winds. d. waves.

Quick Check Compared to warm air, cool air is a. less dense and has a higher pressure. b. more dense and has a higher pressure. c. more dense and has a lower pressure. d. less dense and has a lower pressure.

Quick Check Why does warm air rise and cold air sink? a. because warm air is less dense than cold air b. because warm air is denser than cold air c. because cold air is less dense than warm air d. because warm air has less pressure than cold air does

Quick Check In which wind belt is most of the United States located? a. northeast trade winds b. southeast trade winds. c. westerlies d. doldrums