Circulation Aims To know the composition of blood Learn the methods that white blood cells fight infection Learn the difference between arteries, veins and capillaries

Fight infection Transport clot the blood Functions of Blood Glucose Urea Carbon dioxide Oxygen clot the blood

White blood Red Blood Cells cells Plasma Platelets What is the blood Transports Oxygen What is the blood made of? Fights Infection Plasma Platelets Transports Glucose, Carbon Dioxide, Urea and Water Clots the Blood

Red Blood Cells Transport Oxygen Round disc shape Contain Hemoglobin No nucleus

White Blood Cells Fight Disease Irregular Shape Have a nucleus

Plasma Yellow liquid mostly made of water with chemicals dissolved in it Transports Food Chemical wastes:urea, carbon dioxide

Platelets Tiny fragments of cells Clot the blood

The four parts of blood 1. RED BLOOD CELLS – contain haemoglobin and carry ______ around the body. They have no _______ and a large surface area. 2. PLATELETS – small bits of cells that lie around waiting for a cut to happen so that they can ____ (for a scab). 3. WHITE BLOOD CELLS – kill invading _______ by producing _________ or engulfing (“eating”) the microbe. These three are all carried around by the PLASMA (a straw-coloured liquid). Plasma transports CO2 and ______ as well as taking away waste products to the ______. Words – antibodies, clot, kidneys, oxygen, nucleus, glucose, microbes.

White Blood Cells and Diseases There are two types of White Blood Cell: 1. Ones that kill micro-organisms by ingesting them and digesting them: 2. Others produce chemicals called Antibodies which kill particular bacteria or viruses

Arteries, veins and capillaries Arteries carry high pressure blood away from the heart. They have a thick wall and no valves. Capillaries have thin walls (one cell thick) to allow glucose and oxygen to pass through. Also used to connect arteries to veins. “Lumen” Veins carry low pressure blood back to the heart. They have thinner walls and have valves to prevent backflow of blood.

Blue colour indicates deoxygenated blood Red colour indicates Oxygenated blood

Double circulatory system This section of the system including the right side of the heart, deals with the deoxygenated blood. Lungs Body cells This section of the system including the left side of the heart, deals with the oxygenated blood.

The Circulatory system The circulatory system is responsible for pumping ______ around the body. We need blood to be taken around the body because blood contains ________ and _______. These are needed so that all the ____ in our bodies can produce _____ through _________. The main organs in the circulatory system are the _____, the lungs and the kidneys. Words – energy, heart, blood, glucose, respiration, oxygen, cells

The Heart The Heart is a muscular organ that acts as a PUMP in a DOUBLE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The heart the size of a fist

The Heart

The Heart 1. Deoxygenated blood (i.e. blood without oxygen) enters through the vena cava into the right atrium 4. Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters through the pulmonary vein into the left atrium 2. It’s then pumped through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle 5. It’s then pumped through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle 3. It’s then pumped through the semi-lunar valve up to the lungs through the pulmonary artery 6. It’s then pumped out of the aorta to the rest of the body

The “Double Circulatory” System 1. Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs 2. The blood receives oxygen and is pumped back to the heart 4. The oxygen leaves the blood to be used for respiration in the body and the blood goes back to the heart 3. The oxygenated blood is then pumped to the rest of the body

The Heart 4. Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters through the pulmonary vein into the left atrium 1. Deoxygenated blood (i.e. blood without oxygen) enters through the vena cava into the right atrium 2. It’s then pumped through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle 5. It’s then pumped through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle 3. It’s then pumped through the semi-lunar valve up to the lungs through the pulmonary artery 6. It’s then pumped out of the aorta to the rest of the body

Circulation 1) Blood gets pumped from the heart to the lungs and picks up oxygen 2) The blood is then taken back to the heart… 3) The heart pumps the blood to the intestine (where oxygen and glucose are removed)… 5) After the oxygen and glucose have been removed for respiration the blood is sent back to the heart and starts again 4) … and to the rest of the body (where oxygen is removed)

The Role of Haemoglobin Step 1: Oxygen diffuses into the blood and combines with haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin O2 Oxyhaemoglobin

The Role of Haemoglobin Step 1: Oxygen diffuses into the blood and combines with haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin O2 Step 2: The blood takes oxygen to the rest of the body

The Role of Haemoglobin Step 1: Oxygen diffuses into the blood and combines with haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin Step 2: The blood takes oxygen to the rest of the body Step 3: The oxygen leaves the blood and diffuses into the cells to be used in respiration O2