Organic Chemistry Objective: 1) Identify the different types of organic compounds, their structure & functions

Biomolecules Also called organic molecules Living cells are made of biomolecules Large, complex molecules (polymers) Built from smaller, repeating parts (monomers)

Carbon is the basis for Biomolecules Forms four stable covalent bonds Diversity of shapes: rings, chains, branches

Types of Biomolecules:

Carbohydrates Sugars, starches, and fiber Contain C, H, and O Function: Supply energy for the body, support for the body, cell recognition

Molecular Structure of Carbohydrates Monomer: Monosaccharides Polymers: Disaccharides and Polysaccharides Typically composed of ring structures that can be joined to form more complex carbs

Lipids Fats, Oils, Waxes, Steroids Also contain C, H, & O Functions: long term energy storage, insulation, and to act as a water barrier

Molecular Structure of Lipids Monomer: glycerol (C2H8O3) and fatty acid tails (Carboxyl group + varying hydrocarbon chains) Polymers: Saturated Fats: contain maximum number of hydrogens Unsaturated Fats: contain double bonds

Proteins Function: “Workhorse” of the cell that provides structure and function for the body Shape of protein determines its function Contain C, H, N, O + other atoms

Molecular Structure of Proteins Monomer: amino acids Made up of a carboxyl group (-COOH), an amino group (-NH2), and a variable R group that determines its function Polymer: Polypeptides which will combine to form proteins

Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA Monomer: Nucleotides Functions: Carry genetic information