THE ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815-1823

James Monroe, Vir, D-R 1817 - 1825 Election of 1816 Continuation of Va. Dynasty Rev. War Vet Rep to Britain under Jefferson Sec. of State under Madison Supporters: Characteristics – younger, optimistic, not concerned with Europe

Growth of Nationalism Expansion West Prosperity Internal Improvements Protect U.S. Business

Economic Growth Clay’s American System: Henry Clay from Kentucky The Tariff: To protect U.S. Business Re-charter the Bank of the U.S. For tax money Internal Improvements National transportation systems to by financed by Fed. Gov’t Henry Clay from Kentucky

American Expansion

Louisiana Purchase - 1803

Florida (1819) Ceded to U.S. in 1819 from Spanish Adams-Onis Treaty Jackson had been fighting Natives and clear any conflict with Spain would be won by U.S. Ceded East Florida to U.S.

Foreign Policy The Monroe Doctrine (1823) No additional colonization in West U.S. will not interfere with current colonies Does the U.S. really have power???

Increasing Sectionalism

Causes of Sectionalism NE and Mid-Atlantic States Opposed War of 1812 Economy had suffered Had illegally traded some goods with British

The Panic of 1819 Background situation: Speculation of land in West People bought and sold and very high prices and were given loans to pay for land (over-extend credit) Protective Tariff = less demand for cotton and drop in price Actions of Bank of U.S. Call in loans = less money in circulation So. & Westerners HATE the Bank!

Slavery No slavery above 36’30” in Louisiana Territory Missouri applies for statehood Will throw off balance Rep. James Tallmadge (NY) proposes Amendment No more slaves can be brought to Missouri Children of slaves free at 25 REJECTED Maine applies for statehood Missouri Compromise (Clay’s Compromise) 1820 Missouri is a slave state Maine is a free state No slavery above 36’30” in Louisiana Territory

Election of 1820

The Tariff as a Dividing Issue North Importers – don’t like tariff Manufacturers – support protective tariff South – supports tariff b/c feel U.S. needs to develop industry Eventually… North – supports tariff b/c wants to protect business South – opposes b/c needs imported finished goods and to export cotton

Land Policy as a Dividing Issue Western states/territories want cheap land Increase in population = more reps. in gov’t North and South want market value Protect their population Raise money for Fed Gov’t

Election of 1824 Divisions EVERYWHERE Sectionalism (began with War of 1812) Economics Slavery Tariff Land

Election of 1824 Candidates Adams (Mass) Jackson (Tenn) Crawford (Georgia) Clay (Kentucky) No candidate earns a majority of Electoral Votes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! What is the “corrupt bargain”? How does this election reveal sectional divisions…what’s happened politically, since the start of the War of 1812?

The “Corrupt Bargain” House of Reps must choose from amongst top 3 candidates Clay uses influence in House to have Adams selected Adams names Clay Sec. of State Jackson is outraged and calls it the “Corrupt Bargain”

John Quincy Adams (D-R, Ma) 1825-1829 Effective Diplomat prior to President Treaty of Ghent Annex of Florida Monroe Doctrine As President: Pay off debt Internal improvements Single term Not many political allies Returns to HoR for 17 years