Chapter 17 From gene to protein.

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Chapter 17~ From Gene to Protein
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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 17 From gene to protein

One gene/One polypeptide

Define transcription and translation Compare Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells video

(21 different AA’s) mRNA code Ave. protein is 400AA long

DNA= triplets RNA= codons 5’ to 3’ Pre-mRNA (primary transcript)

Promoter: TATA Box Transcription factors RNA poly- merase Transcription initiation complex Movie

Finishing the pre-mRNA Introns: (intruding) spliced out Exons: kept, will be Expressed in the cell

video snRNP’s identify introns Introns are cut out at a Spliceosome Final mRNA has only genes that will be tran-scribed in cell no “junk genes” video

Translation Read 5’ to 3’ The production of polypeptides on a Ribosome tRNA, transfer RNA carries in the amino acids to the ribosome (transfers the A.A) Read 5’ to 3’

A P E: Video Movie Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase Peptidyl tRNA binding site Exit Video Movie

Termination of the translation

Translation of many polypeptide chains at once

The signal mechanism: signal peptides Free or bound ribosomes?

Coupled transcription and translation

Mutations: Look at the result of just one base difference out of 574 Amino acids (1722 bases)

The wrong protein Nothing formed

Repairing mistakes

Summary

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