Antietam and Emancipation Civil War: Antietam and Emancipation

Union has lost every major battle in the east The War So Far Union has lost every major battle in the east

Time Line VICTORIES IN THE EAST UNION VICTORIES IN THE EAST 1860 Ft. Sumter* 1st Manassas* 1861 VICTORIES IN THE EAST UNION Seven Days* 1862 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2nd Manassas* VICTORIES IN THE EAST CONFEDERATE 1863 Time Line Significant Battles*

Lincoln’s goal = Save the Union! The War So Far Abolitionists and Republicans were pressuring Lincoln to make freeing the slaves another goal! Lincoln’s goal = Save the Union!

The War So Far Lincoln needed a Union victory in the east before he could think about freeing slaves. wanted to show that his government was strong and could support freeing slaves didn’t want it to appear that he was asking slaves to rebel against their masters.

Battle of Antietam

Battle of Antietam Lee took his army into Maryland and split them up. Confederate General Lee took his army into Maryland Wants a victory on northern soil so they could get European recognition Get Lincoln to give up after seeing the destruction in Union territory Lee took his army into Maryland and split them up. Union troops found Lee’s plans at an abandoned Confederate camp. McClellan was hesitant to act. Missed the chance to attack the separated Confederate army.

Confederate casualties over 10,000 Battle of Antietam Battle raged all day Union casualties over 12,000 Confederate casualties over 10,000 September 17, 1862

Battle of Antietam Confederates retreat back to Virginia next day- Union victory. McClellan did not pursue Confederate army. Lincoln fired McClellan

Bloodiest single day battle in American history Battle of Antietam Bloodiest single day battle in American history Lincoln now had the victory he needed to issue the Emancipation Proclamation

Emancipation Proclamation military action? Problem: Constitution did not prohibit slavery

Emancipation Proclamation PROPERTY

Emancipation Proclamation Issued Sept. 22, 1862

Emancipation Proclamation An executive order that freed the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union *Slaves in border states were not freed

Emancipation Proclamation Went into effect Jan. 1, 1863

Emancipation Proclamation Effects… Symbolic- freed few slaves because there was no power to enforce in the South

Emancipation Proclamation ?

Emancipation Proclamation Confederates’ hopes of getting allies are dashed- Great Britain & France won’t help the south keep their slaves

African Americans Fight African Americans could now join the military

African Americans Fight Many new recruits enlisted The War Department decided that African American soldiers would be placed in all African American units commanded by white officers.

African Americans were now directly involved in their own emancipation.