1. Section 3 – pg 398 The Emancipation Proclamation
Chapter 11
Section 3 – pg 398
The Emancipation Proclamation

2. Emancipating the Enslaved
Pg 398
Emancipating the Enslaved
Many abolitionists were happy when the war begun
Urged Lincoln to end slavery and punish the South for starting the war

3. Lincoln Changes His MindPg
Lincoln Changes His Mind
Lincoln knew most Northerners did not
want to end slavery
Feared actions to emancipate (free) the slaves might cause border states to secede
Goal was to restore the Union even if slavery had to continue
Gradually Lincoln changed his mind
Realized how important slavery was to war effort in South
Told his Cabinet intended to issue a Emancipation Proclamation
Was advised to wait until a victory on the battlefield

4. A Famous Proclamation Pg 399
September 22, 1862, a few days after Union’s victory at Antietam, Lincoln met with Cabinet and issued a preliminary proclamation
Jan 1, 1863 issued final
Emancipation Proclamation
which freed all slaves in areas
where the Union was fighting
At first had little effect
Did not free slaves in border states, areas in the South the Union controlled, and in places the Union had no power

5. The Proclamation was criticized and praised
Pg 399
The Proclamation was criticized and praised
Some abolitionists said it should be applied throughout country
Southerners said Lincoln was trying to start a slave riot
Union soldiers felt it weakened the South

6. Effects of the Proclamation
Pg 399
Effects of the Proclamation
Freed few slaves at first
Changed the Civil War into a struggle for freedom
No longer fight to save Union, but to end slavery
Dashed all hopes that the British would help the South
Were now seen as people fighting to keep people enslaved
Unified African Americans in support of the War

7. African Americans Help the Union
Pg 400
African Americans Help the Union
When the Civil War began, African Americans were not allowed in the Union army
Many had tried to volunteer but were not accepted until the Emancipation Proclamation

8. Volunteering for Service
Pg 400
Volunteering for Service
EP encouraged African Americans to enlist
189,000 served in army or navy
More than half were former slaves
Faced extra risks
If captured during battle, either returned to slavery or killed

9. Blacks and whites served together in navy
Pg 400
Blacks and whites served together in navy
In army, blacks served in all-black regiments under white officers
Earned less pay than white soldiers
Still fought with pride and courage
“They make better soldiers in every respect than any troops I have ever had under my command”

10. African Americans also supported the Union in noncombat roles
African American troops took part in abt 40 major battles and hundreds of minor ones
54th Massachusetts Infantry attacked Fort Wagner on July 18, 1863
African Americans also supported the Union in noncombat roles
Cooks, wagon drivers, hospital aides
Pg 401

11. Pg 401
Resisting Slavery
Many slaves did what they could to hurt the Confederate war effort
Provide military information to the Union
Purposely work slow while slaveholders were fighting