Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Organic Chemistry Carbon based Why carbon? Chemical evolution Forms 4 bonds Tetrahedryl http://www.mikeblaber.org/oldwine/chm1045/notes/Geometry/Hybrid/Geom05.htm Forms long chains Chemical evolution Structural formula Hydrocarbons

Organic Compounds Carbon Backbone Functional groups Isomers Structural Geometric Enantiomers

Structural (Conformational)Isomer Carbon backbone rearranged Properties vary Structural formula needed

Geometric Isomer Arrangement around a double bond Cis Trans

Enantiomer Sterioisomer Mirror image Chiral carbon R (D) S (L) Biologically distinguishable Albuterol (R) Ibuprophen (S) Thalidomide (R)

Functional Groups Hydroxyl Carbonyl Ketone Aldehyde Carboxyl acidic

Functional Groups Amino Sulfhydryl Phosphate Methyl

Functional groups Estradiol Testosterone

Functional Groups ATP Phosphates Energy currency