Water and it’s properties Chapter 15 Review Water and it’s properties

True or False Each O — H covalent bond in a water molecule is nonpolar. False In a water molecule, the less electronegative hydrogen atoms acquire a partial positive charge and the oxygen atom acquires a partial negative charge. True

Surface tension More spherical drops means a higher/lower surface tension than flatter drops. An agent (such as detergent) that has the ability to reduce surface tension is called a _________. surfactant

Why is ice less dense than liquid water?

Solvents, solutes, and Solutions Identify: Dissolved particles Dissolving Medium Homogeneous mixture of particles in a dissolving medium Which is false: a. Solute particles can be either ionic or molecular, and their average diameters are usually less than 1 nanometer. b. When a solution is filtered, both solute and solvent will pass through the filter paper. c. Ionic compounds and substances containing polar covalent molecules readily dissolve in water. d. Nonpolar covalent molecules, such as those found in oil, grease, and gasoline, readily dissolve in water.

Aqueous solutions What process occurs when solute ions become surrounded by solvent molecules? Solvation When a compound cannot be solvated to any significant extent, it is called________. Insoluble

Electrolytes and nonelectrolytes True or False: All ionic compounds are electrolytes. True (they dissociate into ions – mobile to carry electric current) Describe the difference between strong and weak electrolytes.

Hydrates If a hydrate has a vapor pressure greater than that of the water in the surrounding air, the hydrate will lose water to the air, or ________________________ . Effloresce Hygroscopic substances that remove water from the air are used as drying agents called ______________________ Dessicants

Suspensions and colloids Heterogeneous mixtures in which particles settle out upon standing are called ___________________________ . Suspensions True or False: When a suspension of clay particles in water is filtered, both clay and water will pass through the filter paper. ____________________ False The scattering of light in all directions by colloidal particles is known as the __________________________ . Tyndall Effect Liquids that can be mixed together but separate shortly after are called ___________. Immiscible

Percent mass What is the percent by mass of water in CuSO4·5H2O? 36.08 % What is the percent by mass of water in CaCl2•2H2O? 24.5%

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