Study Guide Chapter 2

Jacques Cartier

Hernando DeSoto Spanish Mississippi River Basin Didn’t like Ms. Russell

Giovanni de Verrazano Italian who sailed for France Explored the Hudson River Valley

Pedro Menendez de Aviles Spanish explorer who founded St. Augustine

Robert de La Salle French Explored the Mississippi River Valley

House of Burgesses A Virginia lawmaking body The First Representative form of Government in North America

Mission Religious outpost established to convert Native Americans to Christianity.

Quebec French landholding in Canada. Founded by Samuel de Champlain for protection against rivals.

St. Augustine Founded by the Spanish Oldest continually occupied European settlement in the US.

Coureurs de bois French fur traders

Jamestown the first English permanent settlement in America

Mayflower Compact Written by the Pilgrims to establish a government when they landed in Plymouth.

Charter certificate of permission from the King

Presidio Spanish forts set up near missions to protect the Missionaries.

Metis Children of mixed French and Native American parents

Mestizos Children of mixed Spanish and Native American parents.

Push factors motivates people to leave their home countries

Pull Factors Motivates people to immigrate to a country

Viceroy king-appointed ruler of Spanish territories in Americas

Royal colony vs. Proprietary colony (what’s the difference?) Royal- controlled by the Crown Proprietary- owned by a wealthy or group of wealthy investors

Why did the Spanish explorers come to North America?

Why did the French explorers come to North America? NW Passage

Why did the English settle in the Chesapeake region? The land was fertile and close to the ocean

Treatment of Native Americans: Spanish- Harsh and brutal French- Working relationship

What was the main cash crop of Virginia and Maryland? Tobacco

Which religious group were pacifists?

What helped Jamestown survive? learning to cultivate tobacco, a popular trade item in Europe.

What was the main cash crop of the Carolinas? Rice

Founder of Georgia

Who was Georgia founded for? England’s poor

Founder of Pennsylvania William Penn

Headright system – Land grants to anyone who could pay for the voyage across the Atlantic Ocean.

How did Bacon’s rebellion lead to an expansion of slavery in the colonies? Slaves were preferable to indentured servants because they would never be free to compete for land.

Puritans Religious group that wanted to “purify” the church of all Catholic Rituals the founders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Which European country claimed a lot of land in North America but settled on very little? France

Explain the impact European colonization had on the lives of Native Americans. Be sure to include both positive and negative impacts of the fur trade. The Good: The goods Native Americans traded for made their lives easier. Education and health opportunities increased

The Bad: - expanding territory for beaver pelts put tribes that normally didn’t see each other into conflict over hunting ground. - Native Americans lost their traditional way of life.

Explain basic differences in how North America was colonized between Spain, France, and England Spain- Claimed a lot of land in the south and west. France- Claimed very little land from NA’s. England- Claimed and settled the entire Atlantic Coast