Chapter 2 Section 8 How are minerals used? Objective: State some common uses of minerals

Key Terms ore: mineral that is mined because it contains useful metals of nonmetals gem: stone that has been cut and polished

Mineral Uses Many products are made from minerals. Diamond crystals are used to make jewelry. Because they are so hard, diamonds are also used to make cutting and drilling tools. Gypsum is a mineral that is commonly used to make plaster. Many walls and ceilings are made of plaster. Some minerals and their uses are shown in Figure 2-30.

MINERALS AND THEIR USES Mineral Uses MINERALS AND THEIR USES Mineral Uses Quartz Glass, sandpaper, telephone, radio Feldspar Porcelain, china, dishes Mica Insulators, toasters, irons, motors Talc Talcum powder, crayons, soap Calcite Building materials, medicine Graphite Pencil lead Figure 2-30

Mineral Uses Tiny amounts of minerals are needed as part of your diet to keep your body healthy and working properly. Calcium and phosphorus are two examples of minerals needed by your body. These minerals are needed for strong bones and teeth. The body uses the mineral iron to make new red blood cells.

Mineral Uses The minerals your body needs are found in food substances. Calcium, for example, is found in milk and other dairy products. Iron is found in red meat and some vegetables. The minerals that are used in dietary supplements are usually found in compounds.

IDENTIFY: What are two minerals used by the human body?

Ores Minerals in the form of compounds contain useful metals and nonmetals. An ore is a rocky material that is mined because it contains useful metals and nonmetals that can be extracted from it. Some examples of ores are hematite, bauxite, and halite. Hematite contains iron, which is used in the production of steel. Bauxite, is mined to extract aluminum. Halite contains salt.

2. DEFINE: What is an ore?

Gemstones and Gems Some minerals are valued because they are beautiful and long lasting. These minerals are called gemstones. Rare and beautiful gemstones are called precious stones. Gemstones that are more common are called semiprecious stones. Because they are beautiful and long lasting, many precious and semiprecious stones are used to make jewelry.

Gemstones and Gems Gemstones that have been cut and polished are called gems. Diamonds, rubies, sapphires, and emeralds are precious stones that are often made into gems. Opal, amethyst, turquoise, topaz, garnet, aquamarine, and jade are some semiprecious stones that are made into gems.

3. IDENTIFY: What are three precious stones?

Classwork CHECKING CONCEPTS Calcium and ___ are both needed by the body for strong bones and teeth. Bauxite is an ___ of aluminum. Plaster is made from ___. Very rare and beautiful minerals are called ___ stones. Halite is an ore of ___.

Classwork THINKING CRITICALLY 6. LIST: What are four minerals that are commonly taken from ore?

Classwork INTERPRETING VISUALS Use Figure 2-30 to answer the following questions. 7. LIST: Which minerals are used to make items found in the bathroom? 8. IDENTIFY: What is the most common use of graphite? 9. IDENTIFY: Which mineral do objects that require heat insulation usually contain?