Environmental Education Fifth Semester Electrical Engineering

Contents Environmental Education Ecology and Scope of Ecological Studies Food chain Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Sulphur cycle Biodiversity Pollution Types of Pollution

Environmental Education Environmental education is a learning process that increases people's knowledge and awareness about the environment and associated challenges, develops the necessary skills and expertise to address the challenges Environment literally means Surrounding in which we are living. Environment includes all those things on which we are directly or indirectly dependent for our survival, whether it is living component like animals, plants or non living component like soil, air water.

Ecology and Scope of Ecological Studies Ecology is that part of environmental studies in which we study about organisms, plants and animals and their relationship or interdependence on other living and non living environment. Scope of ecological study  It deals with the study of flow of energy and materials in the environment. It deals with the study of nature and its function. It deals with the exchange of various materials between the biotic and abiotic components of environment. E.g., Biogeochemical cycles

Food chain The food chain is a series of living things which are linked to each other because each thing feeds on the one next to it in the series

Carbon Cycle

Nitrogen Cycle

Sulphur Cycle

Biodiversity Biodiversity (diversity within species )is defined as “the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems. Importance of biodiversity and ecosystem Increase ecosystem productivity; each species in an ecosystem has a specific niche—a role to play. Support a larger number of plant species and, therefore, a greater variety of crops. Protect freshwater resources. Contribute to climate stability. Speed recovery from natural disasters. Provide more food resources. Provide more medicinal resources and pharmaceutical drugs. Offer environments for recreation and tourism.

Pollution Pollution comes from the Latin ‘polluere’ which means to contaminate. So, pollution is something that contaminates the environment. Effects are harmful gases, fluid or other pernicious matter that are released toxic material that makes the soil and air impure contaminants, pollutants, or hazardous substances that makes environment unsuitable or unsafe unwanted and intolerable level of energies such as noise, radiation, etc. resultant effect of the activities that disrupts the biodiversity of the ecosystem

Different Types of Pollution Air pollution means the presence of pollutants in the atmosphere is such concentration that causes injury to human being, animals and plants. Effects of air pollution Damaging to respiratory health. Makes buildings grimy. Aggravates allergies. Causes diseases. Reduces biodiversity. Solution: Air pollution can be checked by increasing forest and protecting forests. Industry should be placed long distance from residential areas.

Water pollution means contamination of water with physical, chemical or biological properties of water Sources: Domestic waste water and dirty municipal waste or sewage are the chief source of water pollution. Solution: Water pollution can largely be controlled by proper treatment of domestic and municipal effluents. Domestic water and sewage can rightly be mixed with soil which will increase fertility. The industries must not discharge toxic water in the land Soil pollution mainly occurs through agricultural chemicals. These are pesticides and fertilizers. These pesticides directly or indirectly injure other animals and human being.

Reasons: Land-ship, volcanic eruption, very strong wind current, torrential downpour, etc. are the natural phenomena which may partly contribute to creating soil pollution. The chief reason of soil pollution lies in the multifarious activities of man. Radioactive pollution refers to the presence of unwanted and undesired radioactive substances that radiates ionizing radiation in the environment and its surroundings. Such radiation is very harmful for the environment. Noise Pollution refers to the presence of excessive sound or noise in the environment. It is often harmful for human and animal health

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