PAP Chemistry Bell Ringer Schedule Thursday 2/9/12 Bell Ringer Get out your notes from yeterday. Write the balanced equation: Ifluorine reacts with sodium bromide to yield…… Bell Ringer Types of Chemical Rxns Notes HOMEWORK: Practice Problems I CAN……solve chemistry problems by being an independent, creative thinker. Teachers open the door, but you must enter by yourself. 

Types of Chemical Reactions

A. Combination or Synthesis the combination of 2 or more substances to form a compound only one product A + B  AB

A. Synthesis H2(g) + Cl2(g)  2 HCl(g)

A. Combination or Synthesis Products: ionic - cancel charges covalent - hard to tell Al(s)+ Cl2(g)  2 3 2 AlCl3(s)

CH4(g) + 2O2(g)  CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) B. Combustion the burning of any substance in O2 to produce heat A + O2  B CH4(g) + 2O2(g)  CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) EX: Burning of natural gas, wood and gasoline

***Combustion reactions are a type of synthesis reaction B. Combustion Products: contain oxygen hydrocarbons form CO2 + H2O 4 2 Na(s)+ O2(g)  Na2O(s) C3H8(g)+ O2(g)  5 3 4 CO2(g)+ H2O(g) ***Combustion reactions are a type of synthesis reaction

AB  A + B C. Decomposition a compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances only one reactant AB  A + B

C. Decomposition 2 H2O(l)  2 H2(g) + O2(g)

2NaHCO3(s) Na2CO3(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) C. Decomposition Products: binary - break into elements others - hard to tell 2 2 KBr(l)  K(s) + Br2(l) 2NaHCO3(s) Na2CO3(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

D. Single Displacement or Replacement one element replaces another in a compound metal replaces metal (+) nonmetal replaces nonmetal (-) Halogens are replaced by a more reactive halogen A + BC  B + AC

D. Single Displacement or Replacement Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)

D. Single Displacement or Replacement Products: metal  metal (+) nonmetal  nonmetal (-) free element must be more active (check activity series) Fe(s)+ CuSO4(aq)  Cu(s)+ FeSO4(aq) Br2(l)+ NaCl(aq)  N.R.

Activity Series of the Metals Lithium Potassium Calcium Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Zinc Chromium Iron Nickel Tin Lead Hydrogen Bismuth Copper Mercury Silver Platinum Gold Metals can replace other metals provided that they are above the metal that they are trying to replace. Metals above hydrogen can replace hydrogen in acids. Metals from sodium upward can replace hydrogen in water

The Activity Series of the Halogens Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Halogens can replace other halogens in compounds, provided that they are above the halogen that they are trying to replace. 2NaCl(s) + F2(g)  2NaF(s) + Cl2(g) MgCl2(s) + Br2(g)  No Reaction

E. Double Displacement or Replacement ions in two compounds “change partners” cation of one compound combines with anion of the other AB + CD  AD + CB

E. Double Displacement or Replacement Pb(NO3)2(aq) + K2CrO4(aq)  PbCrO4(s) + 2KNO3(aq)

E. Double Displacement or Replacement Products: switch negative ions one product must be insoluble (check solubility table) Pb(NO3)2(aq)+ KI(aq)  2 2 PbI2(s)+ KNO3(aq) NaNO3(aq)+ KI(aq)  N.R.