Presentation, Graphic Organizers, & Activities Southwest Asia’s OIL DISTRIBUTION OIL DISTRIBUTION Presentation, Graphic Organizers, & Activities

STANDARDS: SS7G7 The student will explain the impact of location, climate, physical characteristics, Distribution of natural resources and population distribution on Southwest Asia (Middle East). a. Explain how the distribution of oil has affected the development of Southwest Asia (Middle East).   © Brain Wrinkles

Distribution of Oil CLOZE Notes 1 Oil Wealth Oil’s Impact Oil’s Importance Transformed Discovery Citizens that live in these countries may have access to quality houses, food, _________________________ , education, _________________________ , transportation, communication, and luxury items. Oil-producing countries have enjoyed an improved _________________________ . _________________________ have brought much wealth to some countries in this region. Money from oil sales has been used to _________________________ of the people in the oil-producing countries. Many Southwest Asian countries have become _________________________ . Because so many countries need oil, Southwest Asia’s oil-producing countries have _________________________ of the global economy. Countries need oil, but most don’t have it, so _________________________ from oil-producing countries. Oil (petroleum) is used for: Many countries around the world depend on oil to meet their _________________________ . Southwest Asia has the world’s _________________________ , and Saudi Arabia and Iran have the largest deposits of oil. Traditional ways of life are disappearing as the oil industry develops and _________________________ . This region has been _________________________ due to the discovery of oil. In the 1930s, more oil was found on the _________________________ and around the Persian Gulf. It was discovered in Persia (now Iran) _________________________ . One of the most important _________________________ in this region is oil. The Middle East has become extremely important to other countries as it has taken _________________________ . Today, _________________________ of the world’s oil reserves are found in this region. Fertilizers & Pesticides _________________________(Think of everything that’s made with plastic!) _________________________ Fuel © Brain Wrinkles Distribution of Oil CLOZE Notes 1

Distribution of Oil CLOZE Notes 2 Summary Unequal Distribution Examples Oil Wealth The wealth from oil sales is not evenly distributed _________________________ of the countries in Southwest Asia. Saudi Arabia & other countries along the Persian Gulf coast have a lot of oil and are all _________________________ . Much of the world’s oil is under Southwest Asia, but oil reserves are _________________________ among the region’s countries. This drastic difference in the distribution of oil wealth has led to _________________________ among Southwest Asian nations. Southwest Asian countries without oil have a _________________________ improving living conditions for their population. Some countries have grown very rich due to their oil production (Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait), while countries _________________________ . Iran and Iraq are also oil-rich, but their countries have _________________________ and mismanagement of oil money. Afghanistan also profits as a _________________________ when oil is shipped to Central Asia via the Arabian Sea. Turkey has benefited from the oil industry because it is a transportation hub for countries moving oil to _________________________ . Money from oil sales transformed Saudi Arabia from a _________________________ to a very wealthy, modernized one. The life expectancy in these countries has increased by _________________________ because of advancements in _________________________ , hospitals, medicines, education, etc. Also, they have been able to _________________________ and build new ones. The countries have used the money to _________________________ , schools, factories, hospitals, etc. © Brain Wrinkles Distribution of Oil CLOZE Notes 2

Southwest Asia’s Distribution of Oil © Brain Wrinkles

Discovery One of the most important natural resources in this region is oil. It was discovered in Persia (now Iran) in 1908. In the 1930s, more oil was found on the Arabian Peninsula and around the Persian Gulf. © Brain Wrinkles

Discovery Today, over half of the world’s oil reserves are found in this region. The Middle East has become extremely important to other countries as it has taken control of oil production. © Brain Wrinkles

© Brain Wrinkles

© Brain Wrinkles

Transformed This region has been completely transformed due to the discovery of oil. Traditional ways of life are disappearing as the oil industry develops and modernizes the region. Southwest Asia has the world’s largest known oil reserves, and Saudi Arabia and Iran have the largest deposits of oil. © Brain Wrinkles

Khurais – Largest Oil Field in Saudi Arabia © Brain Wrinkles

Oil’s Importance Many countries around the world depend on oil to meet their everyday needs. Oil (petroleum) is used for: Fuel Medicines Plastics (Think of everything that’s made with plastic!) Fertilizers & Pesticides Cleansers Countries need oil, but most don’t have it, so they must buy it from oil-producing countries. © Brain Wrinkles

© Brain Wrinkles

Oil’s Impact Because so many countries need oil, Southwest Asia’s oil-producing countries have taken control of the global economy. Many Southwest Asian countries have become dependent on oil sales. Money from oil sales has been used to better the lives of the people in the oil-producing countries. © Brain Wrinkles

© Brain Wrinkles

Oil Wealth Oil and natural gas have brought much wealth to some countries in this region. Oil-producing countries have enjoyed an improved standard of living. Citizens that live in these countries may have access to quality houses, food, health care, education, jobs, transportation, communication, and luxury items. © Brain Wrinkles

Riyadh – Capital of Saudi Arabia © Brain Wrinkles

Oil Wealth The countries have used the money to build modern buildings, schools, factories, hospitals, etc. Also, they have been able to pave old roads and build new ones. The life expectancy in these countries has increased by over 15 years because of advancements in healthcare, hospitals, medicines, education, etc. © Brain Wrinkles

Kuwait City – Capital of Kuwait © Brain Wrinkles

Examples Money from oil sales transformed Saudi Arabia from a poor, nomadic society to a very wealthy, modernized one. Turkey has benefited from the oil industry because it is a transportation hub for countries moving oil to sell in Europe. Afghanistan also profits as a transportation link when oil is shipped to Central Asia via the Arabian Sea. Iran and Iraq are also oil-rich, but their countries have suffered from war and mismanagement of oil money. © Brain Wrinkles

Unequal Distribution Some countries have grown very rich due to their oil production (Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait), while countries without oil are struggling. Southwest Asian countries without oil have a much harder time improving living conditions for their population. This drastic difference in the distribution of oil wealth has led to many conflicts among Southwest Asian nations. © Brain Wrinkles

Kabul – Capital of Afghanistan © Brain Wrinkles

School in Kabul © Brain Wrinkles

Summary Much of the world’s oil is under Southwest Asia, but oil reserves are not distributed evenly among the region’s countries. Saudi Arabia & other countries along the Persian Gulf coast have a lot of oil and are all wealthy countries. The wealth from oil sales is not evenly distributed among the citizens of the countries in Southwest Asia. © Brain Wrinkles

Distribution of Oil Map Key *Billions of barrels of oil Your Task: Use the chart above to create a 3-D model of the oil production, consumption, & reserves in the world. You will be using a world map, clay, and pipe cleaners to create your model.   *Billions of barrels of oil What do you think the economy of Southwest Asia should be based on their oil production and reserves? What must these countries do in order to get more oil? Which countries are consuming more oil than they are producing? What can they do with their extra oil? Which countries are producing more oil than they are consuming? Answer the comprehension questions below: Draw a key for your map below. (For example, red pipe cleaner = Production) Using a scale of 1 centimeter = one billion barrels of oil, place pipe cleaner lengths (representing consumption, production and reserves) in each region using the clay as a base. (Do not use pipe cleaners to measure reserves in Southwest Asia—I will give you yarn for this one.) Divide the clay into seven pieces and place each piece on the regions listed above. Use a red marker to circle the 7 regions listed in the chart on your map. Ex) Europe’s pipe cleaners will be 3 cm, 5 cm, and 23 cm. © Brain Wrinkles Distribution of Oil Map Key

Distribution of Oil © Brain Wrinkles

Political Cartoon Analysis Directions: Spend some time analyzing the political cartoon, then answer the questions below. Describe what you see in the cartoon. List the objects/people. Which of the objects are symbols? What do you think each symbol means? Describe the action taking place in the cartoon: Explain the message of the cartoon: Who would agree with the cartoon’s message? Why? Who would disagree with the cartoon’s message> Why? © Brain Wrinkles

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Oil Distribution Political Cartoon Directions: Design a political cartoon to represent how the unequal distribution of oil impacts different SW Asian countries. In the textbox, describe what’s happening in the cartoon and how it is significant to SW Asia’s oil distribution. Description: © Brain Wrinkles

TEACHER INFO: Comprehension Check Print off the Comprehension Check for each student. After the lesson, have the students answer the questions. *This could also be used as a quiz.   © Brain Wrinkles

SW Asia’s Distribution of Oil 1. What important natural resource was discovered in Southwest Asia in the beginning of the 20th century? 2. How much of the world’s oil reserves are found in this region? 3. What has happened to traditional ways of life in Southwest Asia as a result of oil discovery? 4. Which Southwest Asian countries are the most oil-rich (have lots of oil reserves)? 5. What is the economic development like in these countries? 6. Describe the economic development of countries without oil reserves: 7. What has the unequal distribution of oil often led to amount Middle Eastern countries? © Brain Wrinkles SW Asia’s Distribution of Oil Comprehension Check