BLUETOOTH Personal Area Networking [ PAN ] over Bluetooth Bluetooth is a standard for short range, low power, low cost wireless communication that uses radio technology. originally envisioned as a cable-replacement technology by Ericsson Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM .

Bluetooth devices Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH Parameters Bluetooth Wire Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH SPECS Frequency of Operation : ISM band [ 2400 – 2483.5 MHz] Band has 79 channels of 1MHz bandwidth Lower guard band: 2MHz Upper guard band: 3.5MHz Uses Frequency hopping concept for secure communication. Hop rate : 1600/sec Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH SPECS Modulation : GFSK [ Gaussian Freq. shift keying ] Binary 1 = positive frequency deviation 0 = Negative frequency deviation BER of minimum 0.1% is ensured Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH SPECS Service Supported : Voice communication uses SCO [ synchronous connection oriented ] link supports circuit switching coding used : PCM and CSVD [ continuously variable slope delta modulation] Data communication : Data Packets ACL : Asynchronous Connection Less links Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH SPECS Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM .

BLUETOOTH SPECS Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM .

BLUETOOTH SPECS Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Bluetooth frame Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Network topology Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM .

BLUETOOTH Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM .

BLUETOOTH Baseband: Establishes the links between devices based on the type of service – Voice/data Takes care of addressing and managing the different states of the Bluetooth device RF : Provides the radio interface. Link Manager Protocol (LMP): It set up and control links Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH – LMP functions Authentication : Challenge-Response scheme one device is called verifier. The other is called claimant. Encryption : Clock offset request: Synchronization of clock Timing accuracy information request : To ensure synchronization, the master can request the slaves for timing accuracy information. LMP version Type of packets supported Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM .

BLUETOOTH – LMP functions Switching Master/Slave role In a piconet, a device will act a s a Master and other devices will act as Slaves. The Master and the Slave in a piconet can switch roles using the LMP messages. Name request User-friendly name having a maximum of 248 bits in ASCII format. Detach Hold mode To place ACL link in hold for a specified time when there is no data to send. This feature is mainly to save power. Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH – LMP functions Park mode: To be in synchronization with the Master but not participate in data exchange Power control: To request for transmitting less power. This is useful particularly for class I devices which are capable of transmitting 100 m W power. Quality of Service (QoS) parameters exchange: In applications that require good quality transmission link, quality of service parameters can be specified. These parameters include number of repetitions for broadcast packets, delay and bandwidth allocation. Request SCO link: To request for an SCO link after the ACL link is established. Multi-slot packet control: To control the procedure when data is sent in consecutive packets. Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

BLUETOOTH – LMP functions Link Supervision: To monitor link when device goes out of range (through a time-out mechanism). Connection establishment: After paging is successfully completed, to establish the connection. Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

L2CAP Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol It runs above the baseband and carries out the data link layer functionality L2CAP layer is only for ACL links. L2CAP data packets can be up to 64 Kilobytes long. L2CAP protocol runs on hosts such as laptop, cellular phone or other wireless devices. When L2CAP messages are exchanged between two devices, it assumes that an ACL link is already established between two devices Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

L2CAP Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol Protocol multiplexing: As given in the protocol stack above L2CAP, a number of other protocols can be running. A packet received by L2CAP has to be passed onto the correct higher layer. This is protocol multiplexing. Segmentation and reassembly: Baseband packets are limited in size. Large L2CAP packets are segmented into small baseband packets and sent to the baseband layer. Similarly, the small packets received from the baseband layer are reassembled and sent to higher layers. Quality of Service: Quality of Service(QoS) parameters such as delay can be specified, and this layer ensures that the QoS constraints are honored. Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM .

L2CAP Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol L2CAP sends Connection request and QoS request messages from the application programs through the higher layers. Responses from the request will be : 1. Connection indication 2. connection confirmation 3. connect confirmation negative 4. connect confirmation pending 5. disconnection indication 6. disconnect confirmation 7. time out indication Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM .

Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) SDP offers the following services: A device can search for the service needed by it in the piconet. A device can discover a service based on a class of services Browsing of services. Discovery of new services when devices enter in the radio range of other devices. Mechanism to find out when a service becomes unavailable when the device goes out of radio range. The details of services such as classes of services and the attributes of services. To discover services on another device without consulting the third device. Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

RFCOMM It is transport protocol to emulate RS232 over L2CAP. Using this, two devices can communicate using RS protocol over Bluetooth RFCOMM emulates 9 signals i.e. TX, RX, RTS, CTS, DSR, DTR, RI, DCT, GND RFCOMM is derived from the GSM specifications TS 7.1 for serial emulation. Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Telephony control Protocol TCS Establishes voice communication between two Bluetooth devices. TCS defines call control signaling for establishing speech and data calls between Bluetooth devices and mobility management procedure. Protocol based on ITU ( International Telecommunications Union standard) Bluetooth EMBEDDED SYSTEM