Nationalism

Building a German Nation Napoleon Made territorial changes Got Holy Roman Empire out of Lands Germany demanded unified state German confederation Zollverein- economic union- no tariffs

Bismarck Unites Germany Otto Van Bismarck Served Prussia as diplomat Prime minister to Chancellor “blood and Iron” Realpolitik- realistic politics based on the needs of the state

Bismarck Unites Germany Built up Prussian army Aggressive foreign policy Led Prussia into three wars Form alliance with Austria Austro-Prussian War Annexed North German States

Bismarck Unites Germany Napoleon III angered war with Prussia Franco-Prussian War Bismarck uses Nationalism Bismarck edited correspondents to force France to attack Prussia Crushes France with superior force Won in a few weeks

Birth of the German Empire William I becomes Kaiser(emperor) Birth of Second Reich (after Holy Roman Empire) Constitution written by Bismarck 2 house legislature Real power in hands of emperor and chancellor

Germany becomes and Industrial Giant Ample Iron and coal Disciplined and educated workforce 41 mil to 67 mil in 43 yrs Produced steel and weapons for world markets First to value applied science, synthetic chemicals and dye Hired and trained scientists in universities Reorganized bank, raised tariffs

The Iron Chancellor Bismarck kept France weak and strong links to Russia and Austria Crushed threats to German state Passed laws to help workers to keep them from socialism Kaiser William II Social welfare-programs to help certain groups of people Germany military most powerful in Europe

Unifying Italy Napoleon sparked dream of unity Parts see themselves as own nation Focused on expelling Austrians Count Camillo Cavour Prime minister Alliance with France- fought and beat Austria 1,000 “Red Shirts” took Sicily Victor Emanuel II king of Italy Gained Roman and Venice after two Prussian Wars Italy Unified