The Home Front OBJECTIVE: Understand how WWII changed America.

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The Home Front OBJECTIVE: Understand how WWII changed America. #24 Ch.17.4 Notes The Home Front OBJECTIVE: Understand how WWII changed America.

I. Economic Gains Defense industries boom, unemployment falls to 1.2% in 1944. Average pay rises 10% during war. Farmers prosper from rising crop prices, increase in production. Percentage of women in work force rises to 35%.

Population Shifts: More than a million newcomers pour into California. The population in towns with defense industries doubled or tripled.

Families must get to know each other again after fathers return. Families adjust to fathers in the military; mothers rear children alone. Families must get to know each other again after fathers return. 1944 GI Bill of Rights: law passed by Congress to help servicemen readjust to civilian life. Pays education; loan guarantees for homes, new businesses.

II. Civil Rights Protests Racial tensions rises in overcrowded Northern cities. James Farmer founds Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). 1943 racial violence sweeps across country.

III. Tension in Los Angeles Zoot Suit Riots in Summer 1943. Zoot Suit was a style of clothing adopted by Mexican Americans. Riots began when 11 sailors in LA claimed to be attacked by Zoot Suitors. Triggers a week-long riot in which hundreds of Mexican Americans were beaten and arrested.

IV. Internment of Japanese Americans 1942 FDR signs removal of Japanese Americans in 4 states (Executive Order 9066). U.S. Army forces 110,000 Japanese into prison camps.

----DO NOT COPY---- Relocation Centers Name State Opened Max. Population Manzanar California March 1942 10,046 Tule Lake May 1942 18,789 Poston Arizona 17,814 Gila River July 1942 13,348 Granada Colorado August 1942 7,318 Heart Mountain Wyoming 10,767 Minidoka Idaho 9,397 Topaz Utah September 1942 8,130 Rohwer Arkansas 8,475 Jerome October 1942 8,497

1944 Korematsu v. U.S.--- Court rules in favor of internment. “military necessity” After WWII, Japanese American Citizens League pushes for compensation. 1988, Congress grants $20,000 to everyone sent to relocation camp.

Ch.17.4 Review Advances Problems Economy African Americans Mexican Americans Japanese Americans Fought in WWII (442nd regiment)