1. WORLD WAR II’S IMPACT ON AMERICA UNIT 8

2. AMERICA’S ECONOMY  Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods, or services usually practiced at times of war.  Ration Stamps were used during World War II. These were redeemable stamps or coupons. Every family was issued a set number of each kind of stamp based on the size of the family, ages of children, and income.

3. JAPANESE-AMERICANS  The U.S. government ordered the removal of Japanese-American citizens in 1942 after the attack on Pearl Harbor.  FDR issued Executive Order 9066 to relocate any citizen of Japanese decent into Internment Camps or War Relocation Camps. Around 110,000 Japanese-American citizens were relocated during World War II.  Korematsu v. United States, (1944) A landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship. In a 6–3 decision, the Court sided with the government, ruling that the exclusion order was constitutional.

4. AFRICAN-AMERICANS  The Double V program was started by the Pittsburgh Courier, which was a newspaper for African Americans. It emphasized fighting for two goals -- victory over our enemies in the war and victory over the enemies of black people at home.  President Truman issued EXECUTIVE ORDER 9981 to desegregate the military in 1948.  This will be the first act of integration and will cause African- Americans to demand integration in all aspects of society.

5. MEXICAN-AMERICANS  Zoot suits were common attire amongst the Mexican- American population.  Tension was rising between Anglo-Military personnel and Mexican- Americans in Los Angeles, California after the Sleepy Lagoon Murder trial where a young Latino boy was killed.  The ZOOT-SUIT RIOTS took place in 1943 mainly in California.

6. WOMEN  During the War, men were enlisting in the military allowing for many jobs to open. Women began taking on traditional-male jobs involving heavy machinery.  ROSIE THE RIVETER became an iconic propaganda poster during World War II, which supported females working in these “male” jobs.  After the war was over, many women returned home to allow the men to get their jobs back. This resulted in the “baby boom”, a major influx in the birth rate.

7. AMERICAN SOLDIERS & VETERANS  Previously, returning soldiers did not receive any benefits and struggled to find jobs.  In 1945, the GI-BILL was passed to help returning soldiers. Benefits included low-cost mortgages, low- interest loans to start a business, cash payments of tuition and living expenses to attend university, high school or vocational education, as well as one year of unemployment compensation.

8. EXIT TICKET  1. Which American groups were effected in a negative way during World War 2? Justify your answer. Why or how was the effect negative?  2. Which American groups were effected in a positive way during World War 2? Justify your answer. Why or how was the effect positive?