CH3COOH Ethanoic acid Carboxylic Acids Have hydroxyl group bonded to carbonyl group. Tart tasting. Carboxylic acids are weak acids. Name with the alkyl group and “oic acid” CH3COOH Ethanoic acid

Carboxylic Acids

Naming Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic Acids, RCO2H If derived from open-chain alkanes, replace the terminal -e of the alkane name with -oic acid

Esters Found in many fruits and perfumes. Products of condensation reaction between carboxylic acids and alcohols. Nameing: the alcohol group becomes “yl” followed by the acid group ending in “oate” or “ate” Ethyl butanoate:

Esterification reactions 1) salicylic acid + methanol  methyl salicylate H+, heat + H2O + HOCH3

+ H+, heat + H2O 2) salicylic acid + 3-methyl butanol 3-methyl butyl salicylate + H+, heat + H2O

+ H+, heat + H2O 3) ethanoic acid + 3-methyl butanol 3-methyl butyl ethanoate + H+, heat + H2O

For more lessons, visit www.chalkbored.com 4) propanoic acid + 3-methyl butanol 3-methyl butyl propanoate + H+, heat + H2O For more lessons, visit www.chalkbored.com

Chirality Many pharmaceuticals are chiral. S-ibuprofen Many pharmaceuticals are chiral. Often only one enantiomer is clinically active.

Chirality Carbons with four different groups attached to them are handed, or chiral. Optical isomers or stereoisomers If one stereoisomer is “right-handed,” its enantiomer is “left-handed.”