Sources and Types of Law

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Presentation transcript:

Sources and Types of Law SSS: 3.10 – Identify sources and types of law EQ: What types of law do we have in the United States and how has law evolved throughout history?

Vocabulary Words (p. 128-130) Jurisdiction Original Jurisdiction Appellate Jurisdiction Writ of certiorari

Sources of Law Read “The Code of Hammurabi” on page 145 Were the penalties for crimes in ancient Babylonia harsher than today? Which of the laws listed were to deter crime, and which were to compensate a victim for losses? How were the penalties for hurting another person different, depending on his or her social status?

Evolution of Law Magna Carta England (1215 A.D.) Trial by Jury Laws have to be approved by Parliament, not just the king Magna Carta Roman Republic (450 B.C.) Laws applied equally to poor and rich (but not equally to slaves) Twelve Tables Mesopotamia (1754 B.C.) Different rules for different people Hammurabi’s Code

It’s a bit more fair now… Laws have evolved greatly since the time of Hammurabi, you will no longer have your hands cut off for hitting your father (yup, that was really a law). We now have many sources (or types) of law. Please read along on pages 149-150 to learn more...

Civil Law Governs everyday relations between citizens. Citizens can sue one another for personal injures or violations of contract. Also covers family matters (ex. Divorce)

Criminal Law Prosecution and punishment of individuals for crimes. Criminal laws thus punish those who have committed crimes and help to those who have committed crimes and help to deter future crimes.

Constitutional Law Federal laws that protect our rights found in the Constitution.

Military Law Special laws and procedures that apply to the armed services. These laws help maintain discipline and security among our troops.

Statutory Law Laws passed by legislatures, also known as statutes.

Common Law Judges look at prior court decisions (precedents) on similar cases and interpret them.

State Law Laws passed by state governments, including constitutions.

Federal Law Laws passed by Congress, based on powers granted to Congress by U.S. Constitution.

Types of Law Different types of laws sometimes overlap.

Scenarios Read each scenario and write what type(s) of law each one describes Note: not all types of law will be used