Biodiversity Variety of life in an area that is determined by the number of different species in that area. Richness of species

Three types of Biodiversity Genetic Species Ecosystem

Genetic Diversity The variety of genes or inheritable characteristics that is present in a population Different traits Increased the chance that some species will survive if the environment changes

Species Diversity Number of different species Relative abundance in a community As you move to the equator it increases

Ecosystem Diversity The variety of ecosystems that is present in the biosphere Interactions of organisms affect the development of a stable ecosystem

Biodiversity Important?

Biodiversity Important? We depend on plants and animals Provide us with food, clothing, energy, medicine and shelter

Indirect economic value Green plants provide oxygen Natural processes provide drinking water

Aesthetic Value

Unit 8 CHAPTER 5.2 AND 5.3

THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY 5.2 Extinction RATES FACTORS THAT THREATEN BIODIVERSITY

CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY 5.3 NATURAL RESOURCES PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY RESTORING ECOSYSTEMS LEGALLY PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY

5.2 THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY EXTINCTION RATES BACKGROUND EXTINCTION THE GRADUAL PROCESS OF SPECIES BECOMING EXTINCT MASS EXTINCTION AT THE EQUATOR

5.2 THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY EXTINCTION RATES - HISTORY BACKGROUND EXTINCTION - SLOW THE GRADUAL PROCESS OF SPECIES BECOMING EXTINCT -SCIENTISTS ARE ALARMED MASS EXTINCTION AT THE EQUATOR - ISLANDS

FACTORS THAT THREATEN NATURAL RESOURCES – ALL MATERIALS AND ORGANISMS FOUND IN THE BIOSPHERE

FACTORS THAT THREATEN NATURAL RESOURCES – ALL MATERIALS AND ORGANISMS FOUND IN THE BIOSPHERE MINERALS, FOSSIL FUELS, NUCLEAR FUELS, PLANTS, ANIMALS, SOIL, CLEAN WATER, CLEAN AIR, AND SOLAR ENERGY

OVEREXPLOITATION EXCESSIVE USE BISSON PIGEONS OCELOT

DESTRUCTION OF HABITAT

Destruction of Habitat

Habitat Fragmentation

Edge Effects

Eutrophication Pollution Fertilizers Animal waste Sewage

Introduced Species Non native species On purpose or not Exploit the environment

Consumption Rate Higher in industrial countries then in less developed countries

Renewable vs. Nonrenewable Solar energy, plants, animals clean water and air Fossil fuels and minerals

Protection Biodiversity In the U.S. we protect areas of interest National parks Biosphere Reserves World Heritage sites Buffer zones

Hot spots Endemic – species that are only found in that specific geographic area Critical levels of habitat loss

Hot Spots

Corridors between habitat fragments

Endangered Species Act 1973 Designed to legally protect species that were in danger of becoming extinct Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) 1975 To preserve biodiversity for future generations