Membrane Structure & Molecule Transport Part 2

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Membrane Structure & Molecule Transport Part 2 AP Biology Membrane Structure & Molecule Transport Part 2

Cell Membrane

Tunnel Transport proteins EXTRACELLULAR FLUID Channel protein Solute CYTOPLASM

“Grabber” Transport proteins Carrier protein Solute

Diffusion

Osmosis

. Hypotonic solution Isotonic solution Hypertonic solution Animal cell H2O H2O H2O H2O Lysed Normal Shriveled Plant cell H2O H2O H2O H2O Turgid (normal) Flaccid Plasmolyzed

Positive Pressure Potential

Negative Pressure Potential

Solute Potential ΨS = -iCRT -i (ionization constant) C (molar concentration) R (pressure constant) T (temperature in Kelvin)

Total Water Potential (Represented by ΨT) ΨT= ΨS +ΨP Calculate the Total Water Potential for the following solution: The molar concentration of a C6H12O6 solution in an open beaker has been determined to be 0.4M. The pressure potential of a solution open to the air is zero. What is the water potential for this example at 34 degrees C? Round your answer to the nearest tenth in bars. A bar is a water potential unit of measurement.

Total Water Potential problems

Facilitated Diffusion EXTRACELLULAR FLUID Channel protein Solute CYTOPLASM

Active Transport Cytoplasmic Na+ bonds to the sodium-potassium pump EXTRACELLULAR FLUID [Na+] high [K+] low Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ [Na+] low [K+] high ATP P Na+ P CYTOPLASM ADP Cytoplasmic Na+ bonds to the sodium-potassium pump Na+ binding stimulates phosphorylation by ATP. Phosphorylation causes the protein to change its conformation, expelling Na+ to the outside. K+ K+ K+ K+ K+ P P K+ Extracellular K+ binds to the protein, triggering release of the phosphate group. Loss of the phosphate restores the protein’s original conformation. K+ is released and Na+ sites are receptive again; the cycle repeats.

Cell Voltage Gradient

Proton pumps

Proton pumps and co-transport

Phagocytosis & Pinocytosis

RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS . RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS Coat protein Receptor Coated vesicle Coated pit Ligand A coated pit and a coated vesicle formed during receptor- mediated endocytosis (TEMs). Coat protein Plasma membrane 0.25 µm