Studio Interconnections Video Sync Video Sync Master W/C Master W/C VHS VTR VHS VTR Digital Console DAW DA-88 W/SY-88 DA-88 W/SY-88 Micro Lynx Micro Lynx 2 Multitrack 2 Multitrack CD Recorder CD Recorder DAT IF-88AE AES Converter IF-88AE AES Converter Word Clock Digital Audio Analog Audio Timecode TDIF Audio Video Ref. Sync

Clock Signals Clock signals are SPEED reference signals that are used in applications where the rate or speed at which data is transferred or output must remain constant. Clock signals can be used for both analog and digital applications. In digital audio applications the clock signal is know as Word Clock. In video applications the clock signal is know as House Sync, or Video Sync, or Black Burst Clock Signals should not be confused with Timecode. Clock signals are SPEED reference signals that are used in applications where the rate or speed at which data is transferred or output must remain constant. Clock signals can be used for both analog and digital applications. In digital audio applications the clock signal is know as Word Clock. In video applications the clock signal is know as House Sync, or Video Sync, or Black Burst Clock Signals should not be confused with Timecode.

Digital Word Clock A square wave, clock reference signal for digital audio Word Clock is a speed reference Sample rate is derived from word clock signal Allows serial transmission between digital audio devices A square wave, clock reference signal for digital audio Word Clock is a speed reference Sample rate is derived from word clock signal Allows serial transmission between digital audio devices Typically uses a 75 coaxial video cable with BNC termination. "BNC (British Navy Connector) is a bayonet-type connector, seen on professional video equipment. The male connector, usually mounted on the equipment, appears as a cylinder with a hollow pin in the center. The outer cylinder has two little nubs sticking out on opposite sides. The female connector, normally mounted on the cable, has an outer ring with slots on opposite sides which turns so that it can bayonet onto the nubs of the male connector, and has a smaller center pin which joins to the male's hollow center pin.

Word Clock A timing reference for digital audio serial transmissions A square wave signal at the sample rate Defines the sample rate of the incoming signal Used to derive the sample rate of incoming digital audio Word Clock is a speed reference Typically on 75 coaxial video cable with BNC termination A timing reference for digital audio serial transmissions A square wave signal at the sample rate Defines the sample rate of the incoming signal Used to derive the sample rate of incoming digital audio Word Clock is a speed reference Typically on 75 coaxial video cable with BNC termination

M27 Digital Connections

Digital Audio Transmission Formats Digital audio is transmitted from one device to another using a variety of formats. These formats have been developed to satisfy specific needs or applications. Each format typically specifies what type of cable and what type of termination is to be used. The most common of these formats are… AES3id 2 Channel BNC/RCA Embedded AES3 2 Channel XLR Embedded S/PDIF 2 Channel RCA Embedded Toslink 2 Channel Optical (JIS F05) Embedded ADAT 8 Channel Optical (JIS F05) Embedded TDIF 16 Channel (8 In/8 Out) 16 Channel (8 In/8 Out) DB25 Separate Format Channels Termination Word Clock

Digital I/O AES/EBU 2 channels of audio on one cable Word clock embedded (self clocking) Balanced cable (110 ), typically XLR connectors 44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits S/PDIF Semi-pro and consumer standard 2 channels of audio Word clock embedded (self clocking) Unbalanced cable (75 ), typically RCA connectors 44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits Can also be optical cable with TOSLink connectors AES/EBU 2 channels of audio on one cable Word clock embedded (self clocking) Balanced cable (110 ), typically XLR connectors 44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits S/PDIF Semi-pro and consumer standard 2 channels of audio Word clock embedded (self clocking) Unbalanced cable (75 ), typically RCA connectors 44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits Can also be optical cable with TOSLink connectors

ADAT Optical

ADAT Specifics ADAT (Alesis Digital Audio Tape) aka Lightpipe, Optical 8 channels of audio (a multichannel interconnection) optical cable with Toslink (JIS F05) connectors Word clock embedded 44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits 96kHz by combining 2 ports (participating manufacturers) ADAT (Alesis Digital Audio Tape) aka Lightpipe, Optical 8 channels of audio (a multichannel interconnection) optical cable with Toslink (JIS F05) connectors Word clock embedded 44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits 96kHz by combining 2 ports (participating manufacturers)

TDIF Specifics TDIF (Tascam Digital Interface) 16 channels of audio (a multichannel interconnection) 8 channels Input / 8 channels output Multiwire cable with 25-pin D-sub connectors Word clock is an external connection, on 75 coaxial cable 44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits TDIF (Tascam Digital Interface) 16 channels of audio (a multichannel interconnection) 8 channels Input / 8 channels output Multiwire cable with 25-pin D-sub connectors Word clock is an external connection, on 75 coaxial cable 44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits

TDIF w/Separate Word Clock Word Clock TDIF IF88AE AES Converter

DA-88 Word Clock Word clock TDIF

The DA-88 In Detail

DA-88 Tape Path

DA-88 Head Assembly

TDIF Tascam Digital Interface

IF-88AE AES Converter

Yamaha DM Series O1V96 DM1000 O2R96 DM2000

Yamaha DM Series Back Panels O1V96 DM1000 O2R96 DM2000

Yamaha DM2000 in Detail

DM2000 Back Panel Mic Inputs Line Inputs Analog Inserts Analog Omni Outs Slot I/O Analog Mix Bus Out Control Room Outs Digital Mix Bus Outs 2Trk Analog Ins 2Trk Digital Ins Word Clock I/O Timecode Ins Computer I/O Cascade Meters, GPI, 9Pin & MIDI

DM2000 Slot I/O

DM2000 Layers

DM2000 Selecting Layers

Yamaha DM2000 Layers in M27 Layer 1: Channels 1-8 = ProTools Analog Outs 1-8 Channels 9-12 = Microphone Inputs 1-4 Channels = Empty Channels = DA-88 Analog Outs 1-8 Layer 2:Channels = ProTools Digital Outs 1-24 Layer 3:Channels = Empty Layer 4:Channels = Effects & Tape Returns Layer 1: Channels 1-8 = ProTools Analog Outs 1-8 Channels 9-12 = Microphone Inputs 1-4 Channels = Empty Channels = DA-88 Analog Outs 1-8 Layer 2:Channels = ProTools Digital Outs 1-24 Layer 3:Channels = Empty Layer 4:Channels = Effects & Tape Returns

DM2000 LCD Display

DM2000 Digital I/O

Video House Sync A video waveform signal without video elements, often referred to as House or Sync or Black Burst or Video Sync House Sync is a speed reference signal used as a control track on ALL video tape formats. House Sync is used to synchronize video tape machines and processors to a common speed reference. In video facilities, House Sync is sent to all tape machines and video processors. House Sync is embedded into the video signal (from a video camera) during recording. This composite signal creates a control track that defines the speed of the original recording. These camera tapes are called Source Tapes. In post-production video applications, Master Tapes are blank tapes that have been formatted by striping them with House Sync and a black video signal. This process is called Blacking. Video editing is the process of transferring selected Source Tape material onto video Master Tapes. As with the Source Tapes, House Sync allows Master Tapes to synchronize to the common speed reference from the House Sync generator. House sync DOES NOT CONTAIN TIME CODE! This is a common misconception. Uses a "BNC" (British Navy Connector) connector. A video waveform signal without video elements, often referred to as House or Sync or Black Burst or Video Sync House Sync is a speed reference signal used as a control track on ALL video tape formats. House Sync is used to synchronize video tape machines and processors to a common speed reference. In video facilities, House Sync is sent to all tape machines and video processors. House Sync is embedded into the video signal (from a video camera) during recording. This composite signal creates a control track that defines the speed of the original recording. These camera tapes are called Source Tapes. In post-production video applications, Master Tapes are blank tapes that have been formatted by striping them with House Sync and a black video signal. This process is called Blacking. Video editing is the process of transferring selected Source Tape material onto video Master Tapes. As with the Source Tapes, House Sync allows Master Tapes to synchronize to the common speed reference from the House Sync generator. House sync DOES NOT CONTAIN TIME CODE! This is a common misconception. Uses a "BNC" (British Navy Connector) connector.

House Sync & Word Clock Both are speed reference signals. They do not contain timing information such as Time Code or Sample Rate, rather they provide the basic speed reference to generate a timing signal. Sample Rate is derived from Word Clock. Frame Rate is derived from House Sync.