7.2 Concentration and Solubility Monterey highlands elementary school Physical scince Mr. Sapalicio

Concentration Concentration- The amount of a particular substance in a given amount of another substance, especially a solution or mixture. How Concentrated is it?- The amount of solute in the solvent tells you how concentrated something is. P. 262 – the process of making syrup.

Changing Concentration Concentrated Solution- has a lot of solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent. How can you make a solution more concentrated? By adding more solute By taking out solvent Dilute solution- has only a little solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent. How can you make a dilute solution? Add more solvent 2. Take out some solute.

Solubility Can I make my drink full of a solute No, at some point the solute will stop dissolving, and your drink will not become any sweeter/ salty/ sour, etc. Solubility- (dissolvability)a measure of how much solute can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature. Unsaturated Solution- a solution in which more solute can be dissolved. Saturated Solution- A solution in which the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved. Any more solute added will sit as crystals on the bottom of the container.

Working with solubility Chart 7 on p.264- some substances solubility is more than others. Baking soda- 6.3g, table sugar 180g. Which is more soluble? You can identify a substance by its solubility because it is a characteristic property of matter.

Factors affecting solubility Which dissolves more sugar iced tea or hot tea? Factors that affect the solubility of a substance include pressure, the type of solvent, and temperature.

Pressure Increasing the pressure increases the solubility of gases.

Solvents Some solvents and solutes are not compatible ex: Vinegar and Oil (for salad) Oil and water do not mix as well. Why?- water is a polar compound (-, +, ionized) and oil is a non polar compound (=, non-ionized) soap molecules work as a bridge between polar water molecules and non-polar oil molecules.

Temperature The solubility of table sugar in water at 0°C is 180g 25° C is 231g 100°C is 487g When heated a solution can dissolve more solute than it can at cooler temperatures.

Supersaturated solution  If you attempt to dissolve sugar in water, you reach a point where you cannot dissolve any more sugar. This is called a saturated solution. However, if you heat this solution, more sugar will dissolve. When the solution is cooled, the sugar will remain in solution. This is called a supersaturated solution, 

Work on page 266 Math Analyzing Data Now do =) Work on page 266 Math Analyzing Data