Arrhenius Acids and Bases

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Acids and Bases.

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Presentation transcript:

Arrhenius Acids and Bases Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Arrhenius Acids and Bases An Arrhenius acid is a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions, H+, in aqueous solution. An Arrhenius base is a substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions, OH, in aqueous solution.

Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Aqueous Solutions of Acids Arrhenius acids are molecular compounds with ionizable hydrogen atoms. Their water solutions are known as aqueous acids. All aqueous acids are electrolytes.

Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Aqueous Solutions of Acids, continued Common Aqueous Acids

Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Strength of Acids A strong acid is one that ionizes completely in aqueous solution. a strong acid is a strong electrolyte HClO4, HCl, HNO3 A weak acid releases few hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. hydronium ions, anions, and dissolved acid molecules in aqueous solution HCN Organic acids (—COOH), such as acetic acid

Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Aqueous Solutions of Bases Most bases are ionic compounds containing metal cations and the hydroxide anion, OH. dissociate in water Ammonia, NH3, is molecular Ammonia produces hydroxide ions when it reacts with water molecules.

Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Arrhenius Acids and Bases, continued Strength of Bases The strength of a base depends on the extent to which the base dissociates. Strong bases are strong electrolytes

Neutralization Reactions Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions Chapter 14 Neutralization Reactions Strong Acid-Strong Base Neutralization In aqueous solutions, neutralization is the reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules. A salt is an ionic compound composed of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid.