1. Conjugate Acids and Bases
Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Conjugate Acids and Bases
Conjugate base - species that remains after a Brønsted-Lowry acid has given up a proton
acid conjugate
base

2. Neutralization Reactions
Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Neutralization Reactions

3. Strength of Conjugate Acids and Bases
Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Strength of Conjugate Acids and Bases
The stronger an acid is, the weaker its conjugate base
The stronger a base is, the weaker its conjugate acid
strong acid base acid weak base

4. Strength of Conjugate Acids and Bases
Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Strength of Conjugate Acids and Bases
Proton transfer reactions favor the production of the weaker acid and the weaker base.
stronger acid stronger base weaker acid weaker base
The reaction to the right is more favorable
weaker acid weaker base stronger acid stronger base
The reaction to the left is more favorable

5. Conjugated Acids and Bases
Visual Concepts
Chapter 14
Conjugated Acids and Bases
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Visual Concept

6. Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases

7. Chapter 14 Amphoteric Compounds
Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Amphoteric Compounds
Amphoteric - any species that can react as either an acid or a base
example: water
water can act as a base
acid1 base2 acid base1
water can act as an acid
base acid acid base2

8. Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Oxyacids of Chlorine

9. Chapter 14 Amphoterism Visual Concepts
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Visual Concept

10. Chapter 14 Strong Acid-Strong Base Neutralization
Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Strong Acid-Strong Base Neutralization
Neutralization - reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules in aqueous solutions
Salt - ionic compound composed of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid.

11. Neutralization Reaction
Visual Concepts
Chapter 14
Neutralization Reaction
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Visual Concept

12. Section 3 Acid-Base Reactions
Chapter 14
Acid Rain
NO, NO2, CO2, SO2, and SO3 gases from industrial processes can dissolve in atmospheric water to produce acidic solutions.
example:
Acid rain - very acidic rain
Acid rain can erode statues and affect ecosystems.

13. Visual Concepts
Chapter 14
Acid Precipitation

14. Chapter 14 Chemical Weathering Visual Concepts
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Visual Concept