WMATA ALTERNATIVE FUEL/CLEAN FLEET PROGRAMS PRESENTED TO VIRGINIA TRANSIT AGENCIES JUNE 9, 2009

WMATA OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW 5 TH largest transit bus fleet in the U.S buses operating in a 1500 square mile transit zone Operating 50M annual miles out of 9 divisions – 3 in Virginia, 3 in D.C. and 3 in Maryland WMATAs fleet is comprised of 461 CNGs, 87 Hybrids, and 966 Diesels with an average age of 9.3 years. WMATA currently has an active procurement for the delivery of 203 hybrid electric buses of which 61 have been delivered (37 in- service). An additional 148 to be purchased, of which 48 will be funded by the ARRA stimulus program.

Low Emission Initiatives WMATA Board of Directors set a goal to be the nationwide leader among transit agencies to reduce emissions Three pronged approach: 1. Clean up existing diesels 2. Buy cleanest technology available (CNG, hybrid or clean diesel) 3. Explore advanced technologies (EV, hybrid, Fuel Cell, after-treatment, etc)

EMISSIONS PROJECTS Converted to ultra-low sulphur fuel in October diesel buses retrofitted with particulate filters Tests conducted with various after-treatment products Various emission and fuel economy tests performed with support from NREL, Department of Energy (DOE) and West Virginia University Tests results are available through NREL.

Low Emission Initiatives Clean up the Diesels Introduced cleaner ultra low sulfur diesel (2001) Retrofit 524 buses with soot filters - 90% PM reduction - 95%+ HC, CO reduction - 10% NOx reduction Repower buses If nothing else works, retire it!

Low Emission Initiatives BUY CNGs Large infrastructure investment - $15M Bladensburg, $12M Four Mile Run First order for /02 buses, followed by , then additional , and buses to coincide with garage retrofits Other agencies reported 20-30% lower reliability. WMATA has much better reliability on CNG buses Cleanest engines available Loss of electricity can cause operations shut down

Hybrid Maintenance Experience Ev 40 Hybrid Drive Unit Dual Power Inverter Module (DPIM) Energy Storage Unit (Battery) Major Hybrid System Components

Ev 40 Hybrid Drive Unit Early inspections of oil pan found debris indicating an Internal problem Defective drive units replaced by Allison local service shop Analysis by Allison determined source to be a thrust bearing design problem Oil sampling program monitoring identified other drive units with problems prior to failure Drive units changed-out with improved design drive unit All remaining drive units campaigned by Allison No failures with the improved design drive unit

Duel Power Inverter Module (DPIM) 35 DPIM units replaced to date Allison analysis found manufacturing and logic issues with the DPIM control module All modules reprogrammed to eliminate false trouble codes Recent experience with DPIM has been satisfactory

Energy Storage Unit (Battery) Excellent battery history to date No maintenance issues No battery replacements 6 year expected life (per Allison)

Other Maintenance Issues Transmission Wiring Harness Source of numerous false trouble codes Required fleet wide replacement (2 times) New Flyer component - design issues Brake Life 50% improvement of brake lining life Regenerative braking system

Hybrid Performance Experience Total fleet mileage to date: 8,000,000 + miles Mean Distance Between Failures: 10,499 miles Fuel Economy: 3.93 MPG 9.5% better than diesel bus fleets 13.2 % better than CNG bus fleets Fuel economy data from WVU onsite testing Brake life 50% better than typical low floor bus

Hybrid Fleet MDBF (Miles) High = 26,878Low = 5,741Average = 10,499