Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
What is Biodiversity? Biodiversity refers to the number of different species in a given area. First we have to catalog all the species. Thus far the species.
Advertisements

Biodiversity.
Biomes.
Extinction and Invasive species
Biodiversity Hotspots
Ch10, Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk Standards: SEV1a, 1d, 1e
Biodiversity Section #2: Biodiversity at Risk. Extinctions changes in Earth’s climate & ecosystems have caused the extinction of about ½ the species on.
Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk
Chap. 10: Biodiversity Sect. 2: Biodiversity at Risk Key Vocabulary
Biodiversity Describe the diversity of species types on Earth, relating the difference Between known and estimated numbers. List and describe 3 levels.
10. 2 Objectives Define and give examples of endangered and threatened species. Describe several ways that species are being threatened with extinction.
10.1 – what Is Biodiversity?.
Biodiversity Chapter 10.
Section 2 Biodiversity at Risk
BiodiversitySection 2 Objectives Define and give examples of endangered and threatened species. Describe several ways that species are being threatened.
Bellringer.
Bell Questions 1/12/11 1.What is a mass extinction? 2.What is the difference between an endangered species and a threatened species? 3.What is one way.
BiodiversitySection 2 Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk Preview Bellringer Objectives Biodiversity at Risk Current Extinctions Species Prone to Extinction.
Biodiversity Its Importance and Its Future. Biodiversity.
Biodiversity Chapter 10-1, Biodiversity Objectives 11 Ch Describe the diversity of species types on Earth, relating the differences between.
BIODIVERSITY “The value of biodiversity is more than the sum of its parts.” Byran G. Norton.
BiodiversitySection 2 Chapter 10 Biodiversity Section 2 Biodiversity At Risk.
BiodiversitySection 2 DAY ONE Chapter 10 Biodiversity Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk.
Preview  Classroom Catalyst Classroom CatalystClassroom Catalyst  Objectives Objectives  Biodiversity at Risk Biodiversity at RiskBiodiversity at Risk.
BiodiversitySection 2 Chapter 10 Biodiversity. Section 2 What is biodiversity? The number of different species in a given area. We need to study and preserve.
Biodiversity at Risk Environmental. Science. Extinction The extinction of many species in a small amount of time is called a mass extinction. The last.
Biodiversity. What is Biodiversity? Biological Diversity –Number and variety of species in a given area Complex relationships difficult to study –Often.
BiodiversitySection 2 Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk Preview Classroom Catalyst Objectives Biodiversity at Risk Current Extinctions Species Prone to Extinction.
BiodiversitySection 1 DAY ONE Chapter 10 Biodiversity Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Biodiversity at Risk  Earth has experienced several mass extinctions, each probably caused by a global change in climate.  It takes millions of years.
 Biodiversity – short for “biological diversity.” The number of species known to science is about 1.7 million, most of which are insects. Actual number.
Chapter 10 section 2. Biodiversity at Risk The extinction of many species in a relatively short period of time is called a mass extinction. Earth has.
Biodiversity at Risk. Mass Extinction  Extinction of many species in a relatively short period of time  The current mass extinction is different because.
A World Rich in Biodiversity
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Biodiversity Chapter 10.
Objectives Define and give examples of endangered and threatened species. Describe several ways that species are being threatened with extinction globally.
Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk
Ch. 10 Biodiversity.
Chapter 10-2 Biodiversity at Risk.
Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk
Chapter 10 Biodiversity What is Biodiversity?.
Biodiversity at Risk The extinction of many species in a relatively short period of time is called a mass extinction. Earth has experienced several mass.
Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk
Biodiversity. Biodiversity Directions: Copy only the underline words or paragraphs. Do not forget the headings or subheadings Use ISN pages 98, 99.
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
2-3a What is Biodiversity?
Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Ch 10 Biodiversity.
Chapter 10 Section 2 Biodiversity at risk.
Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk
Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk
Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk
Chapter 10 Biodiversity.
Biodiversity: At Risk and The Future
Notepack 22 – Biodiversity at Risk
Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Chapter 10: Biodiversity
Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk
Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk
Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk
Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk
A World Rich in Biodiversity
Biodiversity Chapter 10.1.
Bio-LIFE Diversity-VARIETY
Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk
Section 2: Biodiversity at Risk
Presentation transcript:

Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk Chapter 10 Biodiversity Section 2, Biodiversity at Risk Day one

Biodiversity at Risk The extinction of many species in a relatively short period of time is called a mass extinction. Earth has experienced several mass extinctions, each probably caused by a global change in climate. It takes millions of years for biodiversity to rebound after a mass extinction.

Current Extinctions Scientists are warning that we are in the midst of another mass extinction. The rate of extinctions is estimated to have increased by a multiple of 50 since 1800, with up to 25 percent of all species on Earth becoming extinct between 1800 and 2100. The current mass extinction is different from those of the past because humans are the primary cause of the extinctions.

Species Prone to Extinction Large populations that adapt easily to many habitats are not likely to become extinct. However, small populations in limited areas can easily become extinct. Species that are especially at risk of extinction are those that migrate, those that need large or special habitats, and those that are exploited by humans.

Species Prone to Extinction An endangered species is a species that has been identified to be in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant part of its range, and that is thus under protection by regulations or conservation measures. A threatened species is a species that has been identified to be likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future.

How Do Humans Cause Extinctions? In the past 2 centuries, human population growth has accelerated and so has the rate of extinctions. The major causes of extinction today are the destruction of habitats the introduction of nonnative species pollution the overharvesting of species

How Do Humans Cause Extinctions?

Habitat Destruction and Fragmentation As human populations grow, we use more land to build homes and harvest resources. In the process, we destroy and fragment the habitats of other species. It is estimated that habitat loss causes almost 75 percent of the extinctions now occurring.

Habitat Destruction and Fragmentation For example, cougars, including the Florida Panther, require expansive ranges of forest and large amount of prey. Today, much of the cougars’ habitat has been destroyed or broken up by roads, canals, and fences. In 2001, fewer than 80 Florida panthers made up the only remaining wild cougar population east of the Mississippi River.

Invasive Exotic Species An exotic species is a species that is not native to a particular region. Even familiar organisms such as cats and rats are considered to be exotic species when they are brought to regions where they never lived before. Exotic species can threaten native species that have no natural defenses against them.

Harvesting, Hunting, and Poaching Excessive hunting can also lead to extinction as seen in the 1800s and 1900s when 2 billion passenger pigeons were hunted to extinction. Thousands of rare species worldwide are harvested and sold for use as pets, houseplants, wood, food, or herbal medicine. Poaching is the illegal harvesting of fish, game, or other species.

Pollution Pesticides, cleaning agents, drugs, and other chemicals used by humans are making their way into food webs around the globe. The long term effects of chemicals may not be clear until after many years. The bald eagle was endangered because of a pesticide known as DDT. Although DDT is now illegal to use in the United States, it is still manufactured here and used around the world.

Areas of Critical Biodiversity An important feature of areas of the world that contain greater diversity of species is that they have a large portion of endemic species. An endemic species is a species that is native to a particular place and that is found only there. Ecologists often use the numbers of endemic species of plants as an indicator of overall biodiversity because plants form the basis of ecosystems on land.

Tropical Rain Forests Biologist estimate that over half of the world’s species live in these forests even though they cover only 7 percent of the Earth’s land surface. Most of the species have never been described. Unknown numbers of these species are disappearing as tropical forests are cleared for farming or cattle grazing. Tropical forests are also among the few places where some native people maintain traditional lifestyles.

Coral Reefs and Coastal Ecosystem Reefs provide millions of people with food, tourism revenue, coastal protection, and sources of new chemicals, but are poorly studied and not as well protected by laws as terrestrial areas are. Nearly 60 percent of Earth’s coral reefs are threatened by human activities, such as pollution, development along waterways, and overfishing. Similar threats affect coastal ecosystems, such as swamps, marshes, shores, and kelp beds.

Islands When an island rises from the sea, it is colonized by a limited number of species from the mainland. These colonizing species may then evolve into several new species. Thus, islands often hold a very distinct but limited set of species. Many island species, such as the Hawaiian honeycreeper, are endangered because of invasive exotic species.

Biodiversity Hotspots The most threatened areas of high species diversity on Earth have been labeled biodiversity hotspots and include mostly tropical rainforests, coastal areas, and islands. The hotspot label was developed by an ecologist in the late 1980s to identify areas that have high numbers of endemic species but that are also threatened by human activities. Most of these hotspots have lost at least 70 percent of their original natural vegetation.

Biodiversity Hotspots

Biodiversity in the United States The United States includes a wide variety of unique ecosystems, including the Florida Everglades, the California coastal region, Hawaii, the Midwestern prairies, and the forests of the Pacific Northwest. The United States holds unusually high numbers of species of freshwater fishes, mussels, snails, and crayfish. Diversity is also high among groups of the land plants such as pine trees and sunflowers.

Biodiversity in the United States The California Floristic Province, a biodiversity hotspot, is home to 3,488 native plant species. Of these species, 2,124 are endemic and 565 are threatened or endangered. The threats to this area include the use of land for agriculture and housing, dam construction, overuse of water, destructive recreation, and mining. All of which stem from local human population growth.

Ticket Out The Door What is an endangered species? What is a threatened species? What is poaching? What is an endemic species? What is a biodiversity hotspot? What is habitat fragmentation? What is a mass extinction?