- European CDM - To benefit from the animation settings contained within this presentation we suggest you view using the slide show option. To start the show click View - Slide Show. next page Updated ETAs

- European CDM - Updated ETAs Collaborative Decision Making Collaborative Decision Making Visit the European CDM website at for more information next page next step The aim of this presentation is to illustrate the need for information sharing CDM and information management to support CDM, by focusing on a single item: Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA). Shared, accurate estimates of flight arrival times enable collaboration in processes such as Optimisation of Arrivals and Stand/Gate Management.

next step Introduction next page Shared, accurate estimates of arrival times enable processes such as Optimisation of Arrivals and Stand and Gate Management to become collaborative. ETA is important as a basis for the planning processes of many different actors in the operation and management of a flight as it arrives at an airport. This presentation focuses on Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA). Here, ETA is different from the time at which the flight is expected to arrive at the gate – that is Estimated In-Block Time (EIBT). next step These two estimated times are closely related – most often by rule-of-thumb estimates of taxi time from touchdown to gate. An accurate ETA is important not only to ATC but also to Stand/Gate Managers and Airport/Airline ground staff, as it enables them to estimate EIBT accurately. In this presentation we define a flights ETA as the estimated time at which it is expected to touch down on the runway. What is ETA? Why is ETA important? next step

at any given time, different actors have different views of the situation; some actors are unaware of the latest updates to the expected arrival time. Introduction next page CFMU - the European Central Flow Management Unit in Brussels. next step ` next step The next slide animates an example of what might happen at present. The example involves a flight departing from its home base - actual operational details vary between different airports, airlines and ATS providers. This presentation uses ETA as an example to illustrate the need for information sharing and information management to support CDM. It considers the evolution of ETA through the life of a flight from schedule, through flight planning, departure and in-flight. AOC -the Airline Operations Centre, located at its home base, responsible for efficient operation of the Airlines schedule. Station Manager -the Airline operations staff located at the arrival airport, responsible for its operations there. The actors in the example are: The Pilot of the flight. Departure ATC - Tower ATC at the departure airport. En-Route ATC - each of the ATC centres that controls the flight along its route. Approach ATC & Destination Tower - the ATC Units controlling arrivals at the destination airport. Stand & Gate Manager - responsible for allocating stands and gates to flights using the airport. It shows what information concerning a flights ETA is available, at each stage, to each of the actors in the operation and management of the flight. The details of the example arent really important, but notice how each actor maintains its own estimate of the flights ETA, so that:

At present... All pre-tactical planning is based on the AOCs schedule AOC generates an Operational Flight Plan (OFP) and files CFMU Flight Plan (FPL) –both include first tactical estimates of ETA (ETA1) CFMU issues slot (CTOT), distributes FPL AOC or PILOT announces delay because previous flight is running late; AOC issues new Estimated Off-Blocks Time (new EOBT) CFMU issues new Slot Time (new CTOT) and distributes it Flight pushes back : Actual Off Blocks Time (AOBT) Flight completes taxi and takes off : Actual Time of Departure (ATD); Departure ATC sends ATD to CFMU AOC receives updated meteo information, revises its estimate of arrival time, issues ETA2 Flight enters FIR surrounding arrival airport; en-route ATC updates its estimates, giving ETA3 Flight enters Approach airspace; Approach ATC (APP) plans flights arrival, giving ETA4 APP clears flight for final approach, issues ETA5 Flight lands : Actual Time of Arrival (ATA) CTOT new CTOT PilotCFMUAOC En-Route ATCStation ManagerApproach ATC & Destination Tower Stand & Gate Manager Departure ATC schedule OFP/ETA1 FPL/ETA1 FPL/CTOT new EOBT new CTOT schedule OFP/ETA1 ETA1 CTOT FPL/CTOT new EOBT new CTOT CTOT AOBT ATD new CTOT ETA2 - meteo ETA3 (FIR entry) ETA4 (APP) ETA5 (final) ATA (Click to move on at each stage) next page The boxes show the information held by each actor. Italics denote information received via another actor.

A CDM Network next page The next slide shows how the current situation would be improved by information sharing supported by a CDM Network. So, in the current system, at any given time different actors may have different latest information about a flights ETA (for example). This means they have different views of the situation a barrier to effective collaboration. next step It animates the same example again, but this time: all actors publish their latest information on a network, and hence there is a common view of the situation, shared by all actors. all actors have access to the latest information about a flight, As an illustration, note the benefits already realised from CFMUs distribution of flight plan information to all ATC units. Further benefits are anticipated from ETFMS (Enhanced Traffic Flow Management System) which will extend distribution to include updates in the tactical timescale.

Flight lands : Actual Time of Arrival (ATA) APP clears flight for final approach, issues ETA5 Under CDM... CFMU AOC Departure ATC Pilot En-Route ATC Approach ATC & Destination TWR Station Manager Stand & Gate Manager schedule OFP/ETA1CTOT new EOBT new CTOT AOBT ATDETA2ETA3ETA4 ETA5 ATA next page [Click to move on at each stage] CDM Network All pre-tactical planning is based on the AOCs schedule AOC generates an Operational Flight Plan (OFP) and files CFMU Flight Plan (FPL) –both include first tactical estimates of ETA (ETA1) CFMU issues slot (CTOT), distributes FPL AOC or PILOT announces delay because previous flight is running late; AOC issues new Estimated Off-Blocks Time (new EOBT) CFMU issues new Slot Time (new CTOT) and distributes it Flight pushes back : Actual Off Blocks Time (AOBT) Flight completes taxi and takes off : Actual Time of Departure (ATD); Departure ATC sends ATD to CFMU AOC receives updated meteo information, revises its estimate of arrival time, issues ETA2 Flight enters FIR surrounding arrival airport; en-route ATC updates its estimates, giving ETA3 Flight enters Approach airspace; Approach ATC (APP) plans flights arrival, giving ETA4

Notes Information sharing of this kind enables all actors to share the same, up-to-date view of the situation. For example: next step But furthermore, the quality of estimate can be improved. By pooling the information held by a number of different actors with different viewpoints, it would be possible to provide all of them with a better estimate of arrival time. next page the Airline has the best information about the cruising speed at which its aircraft will fly, ATC has the best information about constraints that will be imposed on the flight. Putting these two pieces of information together provides a better estimate of arrival time than can be made by either actor alone.

Conclusion can feed on to improve estimates of timing for following flights, increasing benefits for AOC, CFMU and ATC. will enable collaborative processes such as Optimisation of Arrivals, Stand and Gate Management; - End of Presentation - will enable better planning and management of resources by all actors (AOC, CFMU, ATC (En-Route, Approach and Tower), Airport Stand and Gate Managers, Flight Handling, Passenger and Baggage Handling); Shared, improved estimates of flight arrival times: next step