EARTHQUAKES! Part 2.

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Presentation transcript:

EARTHQUAKES! Part 2

Quick review:

Where do most earthquakes occur? 90% happen on the ring of Fire Which plate does the ring surround? The Pacific Plate

Where did the four that we studied occur? Chile, California, Alaska and Japan Which was the largest of all time? Valdivia – 1960 How big was it? 9.2 to 9.6 on the Richter Scale What two things did the Valdivia quake cause? Tsunamis up to 82 feet tall And It caused volcano to blow!

So what is magnitude? It’s a rating on the Richter Scale (also know as the Richter Magnitude Scale)

The Richter Scale The Richter magnitude scale (often shortened to Richter scale) is a measurement for earthquakes. It was invented in 1935 by Charles F. Richter of the California Institute of Technology to compare the size of earthquakes. The Richter scale rates the amount of energy released during an earthquake. If we know how much energy is released we can get an idea of how much damage will occur

How does the Richter Scale work? The scale goes from 1 to 10. 1 is the smallest – you can’t even feel it We have never had a 10

Remember the earthquake that we had a couple of summer ago? That was a 2 – it was tiny!

Every time you go up a number on the Richter magnitude scale the force is TEN times stronger

If this was our 2.0 A 3.0 would look like this A 4.0 would look like this

Imagine how big a 8.0 would be!! A 5.0 would be as big as this screen A 6.0 would be as big as the chalkboard A 7.0 as big as this wall Imagine how big a 8.0 would be!!

The Valdivia quake was over 9!

Lets put it another way: If a 1 was 1 inch A 2 would be 10 inches A 3.0 would be 100 inches (8 feet 3 inches) A 4.0 would be 1000 inches (83 feet) A 5.0 would be 10,000 inches (833 feet) A 9.0 would be 100,000 inches (8333 feet) A 10.0 would be 1,000,000 inches (83333 feet – 15 Miles!)

The Valdivia quake was over 9!

How else can you measure an earthquake?

The Mercalli intensity scale This scale is the one used by the insurance companies – it measures how much damage occurs in locations near to the quake

Why do we care? The insurance companies don’t want to pay too much for the damage to your home and people like to know how much shaking they felt and how it might compare to the shaking in other places.