MicroRNA signature in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, reversibility with glucocorticoids, and assessment as disease biomarkers Thomas X. Lu,

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MicroRNA signature in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, reversibility with glucocorticoids, and assessment as disease biomarkers Thomas X. Lu,

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Presentation transcript:

MicroRNA signature in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, reversibility with glucocorticoids, and assessment as disease biomarkers Thomas X. Lu, BS, Joseph D. Sherrill, PhD, Ting Wen, PhD, Andrew J. Plassard, John A. Besse, BS, Juan Pablo Abonia, MD, James P. Franciosi, MD, Philip E. Putnam, MD, Michael Eby, BS, Lisa J. Martin, PhD, Bruce J. Aronow, PhD, Marc E. Rothenberg, MD, PhD Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 129, Issue 4, Pages 1064-1075.e9 (April 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060 Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 MiRNA expression profile in healthy control subjects and patients with EoE: heat map of 21 upregulated and 11 downregulated miRNAs in patients with EoE compared with healthy control subjects. Red, Upregulated in patients with EoE compared with healthy control subjects; blue, downregulated in patients with EoE compared with healthy control subjects. Asterisks (∗) after the name of the miRNA indicate the minor form of the miRNA derived from the passenger strand. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Quantitative RT-PCR verification of a selected set of differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with EoE. A-E, Expression levels of miR-21 (Fig 2, A), miR-223 (Fig 2, B), miR-375 (Fig 2, C), let-7c (Fig 2, D), and miR-203 (Fig 2, E) were determined in patients with EoE compared with healthy control subjects. The relative expression levels were normalized to U6 small nuclear RNA. F, Correlation of miRNA expression levels between microarray data and quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) validation (n = 7-17 patients per group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 MiRNA expression profile in healthy control subjects and patients with EoE compared with patients with chronic esophagitis and patients with EoE responding to glucocorticoid therapy and correlation of miR-21 and miR-223 with EoE signature genes. A, Heat map showing the expression level of 32 differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with EoE compared with patients with chronic esophagitis and patients with EoE in remission after glucocorticoid therapy. Red, Upregulated in comparison with healthy control subjects; blue, downregulated in comparison with healthy control subjects. Asterisks (∗) after the name of the miRNA indicate the minor form of the miRNA derived from the passenger strand. B and C, Correlation of EoE signature genes with miR-21 (Fig 3, B) and miR-223 (Fig 3, C). The significance of the correlation was plotted as the negative log of P values for each gene. The dashed line represents the significance level after false discovery rate correction. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 MiRNA expression profile in healthy control subjects and patients with EoE compared with patients with chronic esophagitis and patients with EoE responding to glucocorticoid therapy and correlation of miR-21 and miR-223 with EoE signature genes. A, Heat map showing the expression level of 32 differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with EoE compared with patients with chronic esophagitis and patients with EoE in remission after glucocorticoid therapy. Red, Upregulated in comparison with healthy control subjects; blue, downregulated in comparison with healthy control subjects. Asterisks (∗) after the name of the miRNA indicate the minor form of the miRNA derived from the passenger strand. B and C, Correlation of EoE signature genes with miR-21 (Fig 3, B) and miR-223 (Fig 3, C). The significance of the correlation was plotted as the negative log of P values for each gene. The dashed line represents the significance level after false discovery rate correction. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 MiRNAs differentially regulated in patients with EoE in remission. A, Heat map showing the expression level of miR-675, which is the only miRNA differentially regulated in patients with EoE who responded to glucocorticoid therapy, compared with that seen in healthy control subjects, patients with chronic esophagitis, and patients with EoE. Red, Upregulated in comparison with healthy control subjects; blue, downregulated in comparison with healthy control subjects. B, Relative expression level of miR-675 in healthy control subjects, patients with EoE, fluticasone propionate–responsive patients, and fluticasone propionate–nonresponsive patients. Relative expression levels determined by means of quantitative RT-PCR was normalized to U6 (n = 7-11 patients per group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Gene enrichment analysis of miR-21 and miR-223 coregulated genes in patients with EoE. Extensive enrichment of genes with functional features associated with T-cell polarization, IFN-γ signaling, and regulation of eosinophilia among genes coregulated by miR-21 and miR-223 in esophageal biopsy specimens. Networks are shown as Cytoscape graph networks generated from ToppCluster network analysis. A, Abstracted interactions between miR-21 and miR-223 coregulated target genes. B, Expanded network of miR-21 and miR-223 coregulated genes. MiR-21 targets that are significantly correlated with miR-21 expression or in the EoE transcriptome are shown as yellow hexagons, and their respective feature and function relationships are shown connected through red edges. The features that are highly significant for other genes in the cluster are connected by gray edges. For example, miR-21 coregulated targets are significantly enriched in genes that regulate interleukin production. C, Pearson correlation of miR-21 and IL-12p35 expression levels in esophageal biopsy specimens from patients with EoE. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Gene enrichment analysis of miR-21 and miR-223 coregulated genes in patients with EoE. Extensive enrichment of genes with functional features associated with T-cell polarization, IFN-γ signaling, and regulation of eosinophilia among genes coregulated by miR-21 and miR-223 in esophageal biopsy specimens. Networks are shown as Cytoscape graph networks generated from ToppCluster network analysis. A, Abstracted interactions between miR-21 and miR-223 coregulated target genes. B, Expanded network of miR-21 and miR-223 coregulated genes. MiR-21 targets that are significantly correlated with miR-21 expression or in the EoE transcriptome are shown as yellow hexagons, and their respective feature and function relationships are shown connected through red edges. The features that are highly significant for other genes in the cluster are connected by gray edges. For example, miR-21 coregulated targets are significantly enriched in genes that regulate interleukin production. C, Pearson correlation of miR-21 and IL-12p35 expression levels in esophageal biopsy specimens from patients with EoE. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 MiRNAs differentially expressed in the plasma of patients with active EoE and patients with EoE remission compared with healthy control subjects. A-C, Expression levels of miR-146a (Fig 6, A), miR-146b (Fig 6, B), and miR-223 (Fig 6, C) were determined in plasma samples from patients with active EoE and patients with EoE remission compared with those seen in healthy control subjects. The relative expression levels were normalized to miR-16 (n = 13-14 plasma samples per group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. NS, Not significant (P > .05). D, Positive and negative predictive values of differentially regulated plasma miRNAs. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E1 Gene enrichment analysis of miR-21 and miR-223 coregulated genes in patients with EoE. The miR-223 targets that are significantly correlated with miR-223 expression or in the EoE transcriptome are highlighted as yellow hexagons, and their respective feature and function relationships are shown connected through red edges. The features that are highly significant for other genes in the cluster are connected by gray edges. TFBS, Transcription factor binding sites. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E2 MiR-142-3p expression levels in patients’ plasma samples. Expression of miR-142-3p was determined in plasma samples from patients with active EoE and patients with EoE remission compared with healthy control subjects. The relative expression levels were normalized to miR-16 (n = 13-14 plasma samples per group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. NS, Not significant (P > .05). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E3 Regions identified as pri-miR-21 and pri-miR-223 in the RNA-Seq analysis. A, Identification of the pri-miR-21 region in the RNA-Seq analysis. The blue regions are normalized coverage tracks for the mRNA-seq. The brown tracks are spliced reads that are present in exons of VMP1. The lack of spliced reads present between the regions outside of the exons of VMP1 leads to the assumption that it is a portion of pri-miR-21. The regions annotated as “exon” or “intron” are not necessarily true exons and introns of a gene but regions that showed significant expression patterns similar to those of a gene’s exons and introns. They were annotated as this to facilitate the identification of the region to use for the correlation analysis. B, Identification of the pri-miR-223 region in the RNA-Seq analysis. The blue regions are normalized coverage tracks for the mRNA-seq. There are no reads spanning junctions because there are no splicing events present in this region. The regions annotated as “exon” are not necessarily true exons of a gene but regions that showed significant expression patterns similar to those of a gene’s exons. They were annotated as this to facilitate the identification of the region to use for the correlation analysis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 129, 1064-1075.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.060) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions