2013/2014: Wheat Weed Control Treated Untreated A. Stanley Culpepper University of Georgia Tifton, GA

Presentation Format 1. Broadleaf Control 2. Ryegrass Control 3. Preplant Control for No-Till

Broadleaf Weeds – In Crop Wild radish, henbit, chickweed, primrose, swinecress Great options exists, growers just need to be timely!!!!!

Broadleaf Weeds – In Crop ALS Inhibition Harmony Extra Express Peak Finesse Osprey PowerFlex Synthetic auxin 2,4-D MCPA

Controlling Broadleaf Weeds 1. Harmony TS fb MCPA or 2,4-D Most effective program Least effective program

MCPA vs 2,4-D CROP RESPONSE: MCPA: 2 tiller to full tiller wheat 2,4-D: full tiller wheat WEED RESPONSE: Similar on small weeds; 2,4-D better on larger weeds. Both outstanding on radish.

USE MCPA AND BE TIMELY? MCPA vs 2,4-D CROP RESPONSE MCPA: 2 tiller to full tiller wheat 2,4-D: full tiller wheat WEED RESPONSE Similar on small weeds; 2,4-D better on larger weeds. Both outstanding on radish. USE MCPA AND BE TIMELY?

Controlling Broadleaf Weeds 1. Harmony TS fb MCPA or 2,4-D 2. Harmony TS + MCPA or 2,4-D Most effective program Least effective program

Controlling Broadleaf Weeds 1. Harmony fb MCPA or 2,4-D 2. Harmony TS + MCPA or 2,4-D 3. 2,4-D alone 4. MCPA alone 5. Harmony Extra alone Most effective program Least effective program

Controlling Broadleaf Weeds 1. Harmony fb MCPA or 2,4-D 2. Harmony TS + MCPA or 2,4-D 3. 2,4-D alone 4. MCPA alone 5. Harmony Extra alone Most effective program Least effective program

Ryegrass Control in Wheat ACY 9-04 1. A genetic stud– will develop resistance to ALL herbicides more quickly than any other known plant. 2. Extremely competitive with grain production. 3. Great options available ………. Again, our concern with Hoelon in much of NC, especially in the Piedmont, is resistance.

IF YOU DON’T HAVE RESISTANCE Ryegrass Control in Wheat ACY 9-04 1. A genetic stud– will develop resistance to ALL herbicides more quickly than any other known plant 2. Extremely competitive with grain production. 3. Great options available ………. Again, our concern with Hoelon in much of NC, especially in the Piedmont, is resistance. IF YOU DON’T HAVE RESISTANCE

Annual Ryegrass – In Crop ACCase Inhibition Holeon Axial ALS Inhibition Osprey PowerFlex PSII and VLCFA Axiom Inhibit Microtubule Prowl

Annual Ryegrass – In Crop ACCase Inhibition Holeon Axial ALS Inhibition Osprey PowerFlex PSII and VLCFA Axiom Inhibit Microtubule Prowl

Resistance management: Ryegrass Control in Wheat Resistance management: Axial and Hoelon have same mode of action. Treat a field only once every two years with either. Osprey and PowerFlex have same mode of action. Treat a field only once every two years with either. Timeliness is critical ACY 9-04 Again, our concern with Hoelon in much of NC, especially in the Piedmont, is resistance.

Proper Timing of POST Materials Timeliness is critical !!! With normal planting date, generally best to apply before Christmas ACY 9-04

Non-treated control Hoelon 2X rate

PowerFlex 3X rate or Osprey at 3X rate Non-treated control PowerFlex 3X rate or Osprey at 3X rate

Non-treated control Axial XL 2X rate

Non-treated control Was A Future Product

Ryegrass Resistant to ALL POST’S Rotate out of grains and grow a crop allowing tillage and Roundup! Efforts underway to understand impacts of deep turning. Couple of products may help but are not a solution!

Prowl H20 Labeled For Wheat FAIR residual control of ryegrass Must apply to wheat from 1st leaf stage until before flag leaf. May mix with any currently labeled wheat herbicide. Will help on resistance a little!!!!

Axiom Labeled For Wheat Spike application to wheat (pray the ryegrass is not up before product is activated) Generally 6 to 8 oz/A Excellent broadleaf control Ryegrass control is either good or very poor depending on when it emerges Only option for some growers due to resistance Injury can be significant if very heavy rains and cold conditions occur after application Will help on resistance!!!!

Zidua: Game Changer??? Labeled next season. PRE: Outstanding ryegrass control; injury concerns? Spike: Fair ryegrass control; great crop safety! Should be economical for wheat producers. Resistance likely if used 3 years in a row on same heavily infested field. Must rotate away from Zidua every other year. Excellent resistant management tool when rotated with POST ryegrass materials!!

No-Till Production Clean at Planting: Roundup: 0 d plantback Gramoxone: 0 d plantback Harmony: 0 d plantback 2,4-D: 24 d + 1 inch rain plantback Valor: 30 d + 1 inch rain plantback Select: 30 d plantback

No-Till Production 1. ZERO EMERGED RYEGRASS AT PLANTING: Roundup full rate 7 to 10 d prior to plant followed by Gramoxone at planting

No-Till Production 1. ZERO EMERGED RYEGRASS AT PLANTING: Roundup full rate 7 to 10 d prior to plant followed by Gramoxone at planting 2. 2,4-D For Burndown: At least 24 days and no less than 1 inch of rain

No-Till Production 1. ZERO EMERGED RYEGRASS AT PLANTING: Roundup full rate 7 to 10 d prior to plant followed by Gramoxone at planting 2. 2,4-D For Burndown: At least 24 days and no less than 1 inch of rain 3. Corn: Select 30 day plant back or beat on it with Gramoxone