Sea Turtle Notes.

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Presentation transcript:

Sea Turtle Notes

General Characteristics Large, streamlined shell (carapace) Non-retractable head & flippers In most species, the body is covered in with hard, keratinized plates called “scutes” which are unique to each individual Spend their entire lives in the ocean (except when females come ashore to lay eggs) They can be found in almost every ocean in the world Breathe air Diet depends on the species of turtle (some eat plants, others eat jellyfish & crabs) Excrete salt through concentrated tears

Human Threats Sea turtles have been on earth for more than 100 million years (even surviving the dinosaur extinction 65 million years ago!) Most common causes of death: Bycatch – accidental capture or entanglement in fishing gear Loss of nesting & feeding sites to coastal development Poaching for shells or meat Pollution (plastic bags are mistaken for jellyfish and eaten) Artificial light from houses attracts hatchlings away from the sea

1. Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) Sea Turtle species 1. Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) Largest of all the species of sea turtles (can reach up to 2,000 pounds and be 8 feet long!) Characteristics: Smooth, leathery, flexible carapace No scutes (scales) Black in color with white, pink, and grey spots Longitudinal lines running the length of the carapace ENDANGERED http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S99sOmTtvbY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QpjW66jZxjE

2. Green (Chelonia mydas) Sea Turtle species 2. Green (Chelonia mydas) Largest of all the hard shelled turtles (up to 4 feet in length and 500 pounds!) Characteristics: Carapace color ranges from olive brown to almost black A single pair of scutes between the eyes Scutes do not overlap “Sunburst” pattern on scutes ENDANGERED – only the breeding colonies in Florida & Pacific Coast of Mexico, all others colonies are THREATENED http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g385oWFh21E

3. Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) Sea Turtle species 3. Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) Up to 4 feet long and 400 pounds in size Named for its massive head and jaws Characteristics: Carapace has reddish-brown color Carapace is slightly heart shaped Skin and belly yellow in color Scutes do not overlap THREATENED (only species not endangered) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHh1EW4FlEY

4. Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) Sea Turtle species 4. Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) 2-3 feet in length, up to 200 pounds (one of the smallest species) Named for its narrow head and birdlike beak Characteristics: Brightly colored carapace Overlapping scutes on carapace ENDANGERED http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0rHDtbtCcGg

5. Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) Sea Turtle species 5. Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) 2.5 feet in length, 100 pounds Named for its pale green carapace Characteristics: Slightly heart shaped carapace The most abundant species THREATENED (breeding colonies in Pacific Coast of Mexico are Endangered) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yGurJkuqAsA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYROtKmleUc

6. Kemp’s Ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) Sea Turtle species 6. Kemp’s Ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) Smallest species – 2 feet in length, 75 pounds Only species that nests during the day Characteristics: Triangular shaped head and hooked beak Olive grey carapace Almost circular carapace is wider than it is long ENDANGERED http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uBOeTb8x60&feature=related

7. Flatback (Natator depressus) Sea Turtle species 7. Flatback (Natator depressus) Named for its flat carapace 3 feet in length, up to 200 pounds Characteristics: Pale green/grey carapace Edges of carapace distinctly upturned Only found in waters of N. Australia & Indonesia ENDANGERED