Phylum Echinodermata.

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Phylum Echinodermata

copyright cmassengale Characteristics Echinodermata means “spiny skin” usually inhabit shallow coastal waters and ocean trenches lack body segmentation and cephalization most adults have five-part radial symmetry more than 5000 species of Echinoderms. Include sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sand dollars. copyright cmassengale

Examples: Sea Stars Sea Cucumbers Sea Lilies Sand Dollars Sea Urchin

copyright cmassengale Change from a bilateral, free-swimming larva to a bottom-dwelling adult with radial symmetry Their skin is stretched over an endoskeleton (internal skeleton formed of hardened plates). made up of calcium may include protruding spines Have small feet called tube feet that aid in movement, feeding, respiration, & excretion. copyright cmassengale

Digestion Simple one way digestive system Sea Stars: pry open molluscs using their tube feet and then throw their own stomachs out into the shell to digest the meat before it’s brought back into its body! Sea Urchins: scrape algae from rocks Sea Cucumbers: move over ocean floor feeding on detritus Sea Lilies: use tube feet to capture floating plankton

Have water vascular system which carries out respiration, circulation and excretion. Circulation: No real circulatory system diffusion through tube feet circulates by water vascular system Respiration: Diffusion through gills and tube feet Excretion: Digestive waste is released as feces through the anus. Cellular wastes by diffusion through gills and tube feet

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copyright cmassengale Nervous system: Primitive nervous system; no head/brain Nerve net controls tube feet and spines. Capable of some more complex behaviours Reproduction: Mostly separate sexes sexually and asexually (by regeneration) External fertilization copyright cmassengale

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