Notes 7.1- Slavery Divides the Nation

Notes 7.1- Slavery Divides the Nation Key Terms Wilmot Proviso Free-Soil Party popular sovereignty Compromise of 1850 Fugitive Slave Act Personal liberty laws

Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery Southerners were for Slavery North were against Slavery

Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery This image shows the northern city of New York in 1855. What might everyday life have been like in New York during this time?

North had more factories and cities Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery North had more factories and cities South had more agricultural society Cotton

Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery

Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery Wilmot Proviso-no slavery could exist in any of the lands won from Mexico Some were abolitionist, others were sympathetic to allowing slavery because of money Abolitionist-people who want to end slavery

Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery Slavery was a part of the fabric of the southern life, many believed God destined African Americans to be enslaved

Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery

Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election Free soil party-an anti-slavery political party in the mid-1800s Their main goal was to keep slavery out of the western territories

What do the images on this poster tell you about the party? Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election Former President Martin Van Buren was the Free-Soil candidate for the presidency in 1848. What do the images on this poster tell you about the party?

Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election Democrats and Whigs had avoided slavery Popular Sovereignty- a political policy that permitted the residents of federal territories to decide on whether to enter the Union as free or slave states Whigs nominated Zachary Taylor and Democrats nominated Lewis Cass Free soil party gained significance

Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election What does this map reveal about sectional political affiliations in the late 1840s?

The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis To expand slavery or restrict it—this dilemma came to haunt the rapidly growing nation. In 1848, gold was discovered in California, and soon thousands of adventurers were headed west to seek their fortune. Before long, the burgeoning western territories would petition for entry into the Union. Should these new states allow slavery? Who would decide?

The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis The discovery of gold almost upset the balance of power between the Northern and Southern states In 1849, California requested admission as a free state, this caused an uproar

The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis Congress would admit California as a free state, but enact a stricter fugitive slave law Popular sovereignty would decide whether Utah and New Mexico were free or slave Fugitive Slave Act-a law that required all citizens to aid in apprehending runaway slaves

The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis This image shows a San Francisco street in 1849. California boomed as miners flocked there from all over the world after the discovery of gold in 1849.

The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis

Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases The Fugitive Slave Law enraged many Northerners, many Northern states passing personal liberty laws Personal liberty laws-nullified the Fugitive Slave Law and allowed states to arrest slave catchers

Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases Published in 1851, this cartoon satirizes the results of the Fugitive Slave Act. Analyze Political Cartoons Why does one abolitionist suggest that “this is all your fault, Webster”?

Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases The Underground Railroad helped to free enslaved people escape to freedom Harriet Tubman

Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases Which sections of the Underground Railroad were likely the riskiest for fugitives to pass through?

Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases Harriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom’s Cabin, novel helped to spread compassion for enslaved people in the North, but upset the South

Quiz: Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery The Wilmot Proviso sought to A. abolish slavery in the South. B. ban the slave trade. C. encourage owners to free enslaved people. D. restrict the expansion of slavery.

Quiz: Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election During the presidential election of 1848, Whig and Democratic candidates A. opposed the idea of popular sovereignty. B. proposed limits to the expansion of slavery. C. said that voters should choose whether to allow slavery. D. supported abolition efforts throughout the country.

Quiz: The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis Which of these was a provision of the Compromise of 1850? A. New states were assured popular sovereignty. B. California entered the Union as a slave state. C. Slavery was protected under the Constitution. D. The Fugitive Slave Act strengthened earlier fugitive slave laws.

Quiz: Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases Many northerners objected to the Fugitive Slave Act because it A. allowed southerners to pursue escaped slaves. B. extended slavery into northern states. C. required citizens to help capture runaway slaves. D. shut down the Underground Railroad.