Molarity and Dilution Solution Chemistry.

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Presentation transcript:

Molarity and Dilution Solution Chemistry

CONCENTRATION Concentration- a measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given amount of solvent. QUALITATIVE: (tells about the quality, not a #) Concentrated solution – high amt of solute Dilute solution – low amt of solute QUANTITATIVE: (tells an actual amt) Molarity (M) – number of moles of solute / L of solution

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS A salt solution has a volume of 250 mL and contains 0.70 mol of NaCl. What is the molarity of the solution? How many grams of CaCl2 are needed to make 250 mL of 2.0 M CaCl2?

DILUTIONS M1V1 = M2V2 Diluting a Solution You can make a solution less concentrated by adding more solvent The # of moles of solute DOES NOT CHANGE when the solution is diluted Molarity (M) = # moles solute / # Liters solvent moles solute = M x L number of moles stays the same so: M1V1 = M2V2

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS How would you prepare 100mL of 0.40 M MgSO4 from a stock solution of 2.0M MgSO4? Your experiment requires 5 mL of 1.0M KOH. However, you have 1 L of 0.5 M KOH. Can you prepare the required solution by diluting what you have? Explain.