Take out ‘Without Stars’ HW Complete ‘Why is the color of HW: The Sun handout. Quiz Thursday, 4/21 Do Now: 4/19/16 Take out ‘Without Stars’ HW Complete ‘Why is the color of a flame orange’ worksheet

WITHOUT STARS, would there be life? When did the first stars probably form in our universe? How do stars power themselves? Connection to Chemistry: List 4 elements that could make up the fuel that burns inside of stars. Connection to Chemistry: List 2 elements that are found in your body, and the location that they are found in. Connection to Life Science: What are amino acids? THNKING QUESTION: What are these nutrients used for in the human body? The first stars probably formed about 13 or 14 BILLION years ago. Stars power themselves by fusing elements to make new elements. HYDROGEN HELIUM CARBON Oxygen (O), Neon (Ne), Magnesium (Mg), Silicon (Si), Sulfur (S) Iron (Fe) – Found in your blood. Calcium (Ca) – Found in your bones and teeth. Amino Acids are the building blocks that make PROTEINS. PROTEINS are a crucial part of all living things. They help the body grow, break down food and repair body tissue. Elements that make up amino acids are Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulfur.

Why is the color of a flame usually orange? What are the two things colors in a flame depend on? What color light is given off when these chemicals are heated? Sodium_______ Calcium________ Phosphorus________ The temperature of the fire and what is being burned. yellow deep red green

General SUN Information The sun is over _____________ larger than Earth (about 870,000 miles in diameter) Every second our sun ________ enough energy to power the United States of America for millions of years Our sun is not the ____________ star in the universe 100 times radiates biggest

Where its Energy comes from High temperature and pressure at the very center of the sun squeezes ______________ atoms together tightly and quickly. This process is called _________________. This happens in the __________ Hydrogen Nuclear fusion Sun’s Core

Sun’s Atmosphere Layers There are three layers of atmosphere around the sun: Photosphere Chromosphere Corona Temperature of these layers get hotter as they get further from the surface of the sun

Photosphere What our eyes perceive as the ______________ layer of the sun. ______________ in color and about 10,000oF _____________________ are found on this layer which are ________________________ than the photosphere. These sunspots follow an ________ year cycle that scientists are still studying. Visible Yellow Sunspots Cooler 11 Many sunspots are as big OR bigger than the Earth!!

Chromosphere above hydrogen Solar prominences Coronal mass ejections This layer is just _________ the photosphere Mostly made of ___________ and is about 36,000 degrees F This layer gives off ___________________ from the Sun Great arcs called _______________________ are found here Particles are ejected into the solar wind at high speeds are called _________________________________. hydrogen solar flares Solar prominences Coronal mass ejections Pictures of a Coronal Mass Ejection (1980)

Difference between Solar Flare and Prominence Solar flares stream off the sun Prominences look like loops

Corona The corona looks like a _______ that is visible during a _______________ Its temperature can run up to ___________ degrees F halo Solar eclipse two million

Coloring the Sun

THE SUN by Tim and Moby

Exit: 1. Which layer of the sun’s interior is the hottest? 2. Which layer of the sun’s atmosphere is the hottest? Corona Chromosphere Photosphere