IMO Symposium on a Sustainable Maritime Transportation System London, 26 September 2013 Energy Efficiency and Implementation of New Technologies in the Context of Sustainable Shipping Roberto Cazzulo Chairman of the IACS Council and of RINA Services S.p.A.

Role of new technology and innovation Summary Role of new technology and innovation Air emissions Energy efficiency Safety

Environment Economy Society Safety Sustainability Ships are part of an integrated logistics and transport chain and therefore need an effective and efficient supporting infrastructure

Examination of the economic impact, i.e. cost-benefit analysis Some challenges Verification that any new technologies are commercially available and their performance is satisfactory in the long term Analysis of the impact of one regulation or piece of equipment on others, e.g. safety or environmental issues Examination of the economic impact, i.e. cost-benefit analysis

Global Logistic Chain Loading and unloading Transhipment Integration

Estimated annual figures GHG emission reductions Fuel cost savings Million tonnes CO2 % reduction Billion US$ By 2020 180 9 - 16% 34 - 60 By 2030 390 17 - 25% 85 - 150 IMO GHG study (2009)

Energy Efficiency Design Index Cost: emissions of CO2 Benefit: cargo capacity & transport work EEDI = Environmental cost Benefit to Society Reduction targets “X” for Bulk Carriers 20000 dwt and above 1 Jan 2013 ÷31 Dec 2014: X is 0 1 Jan 2015 ÷31 Dec 2019: X is 10 1 Jan 2020 ÷31 Dec 2024: X is 20 on or after 1 Jan 2025: X is 30 At the beginning of Phase 1 and at the midpoint of Phase 2, the IMO will review the status of technological developments and, if proven necessary, amend the time periods, EEDI reference line parameters and reduction rates

Operational Energy Efficiency Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan Energy Efficiency Operational Index Monitoring, Reporting and Verification

Energy Efficiency New technologies Best practices Energy efficiency slow steam engines hull shapes highly performing propellers coatings means for heat recovery … Best practices weather routing voyage planning propeller cleaning other means to measure and improve energy efficiency training … Energy Efficiency

LNG as fuel ECA NOx Tier III (2016) LNG SECA SOx (2015) Global SOx (2020) 0.1% 0.5% 75% LNG Cut NOx /SOx emissions < 20-25% CO2 emissions reduce complexities

LNG infrastructure LNG or other alternative fuels that may be considered but will not be used as an alternative to traditional marine fuels if there is not the necessary infrastructure to support it

Role of Class and IACS Verification of the EEDI Minimum propulsion power Monitoring reporting and verification Gas-fuelled ships Innovative energy-saving devices Technology qualification Structured approaches

Conclusions Ships are the most sustainable means of transport Challenge to apply new technologies or alternative fuels Interfaces with other systems Long-term performance and economic balance Ships cannot be seen in isolation Sustainability aspects need to be, and can be, measured Innovation is inextricably linked to sustainability

Final consideration The design phase for next generation of ships that will still be operating in 2050 will commence shortly