Dysfunctional Brains Parts of The Neuron Nervous System The Lower Eleanor M. Savko Dysfunctional Brains Parts of The Neuron Nervous System 11/27/2018 The Lower Brain More “Parts” 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 10 pt 10 pt 10 pt 10 pt 10 pt 15 pt 15 pt 15 pt 15 pt 15 pt 20 pt 20 pt 20 pt 20 pt 20 pt 25 pt 25 pt 25 pt 25 pt 25 pt

Vocabulary word for brain tissue destruction.

lesion

Damage to an area of the brain that processes language.

aphasia

Damage to this railroad worker’s frontal lobe in 1848 caused a drastic change in his personality.

Phineas Gage

Damage to this area of the brain causes difficulty in forming speech sounds.

Broca’s Area

Damage to this area of the brain causes difficulty in understanding grammar and syntax.

Wernicke’s Area

Part of a neuron that receives incoming messages.

Dendrites

Life support center of the neuron.

Cell body

This part passes messages away from the cell body.

Axon

Daily Double

These cross synaptic gaps to send messages.

Neurotransmitters

“Nodes” in the myelin sheath are described with this French word.

Ranvier

This component of the nervous system controls muscles of the internal organs.

Autonomic Nervous System

This component of the nervous system controls skeletal muscles.

Somatic Nervous System

This division of the autonomic nervous system enables the “fight or flight” response.

Sympathetic Nervous System

This division of the autonomic nervous systems conserves energy and calms the body.

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Reflexes are controlled by interneurons in this part of the Central Nervous System.

The spinal cord

The brain’s “sensory switchboard”

Thalamus

Area of the brain responsible for balance.

Cerebellum

Part of the brain responsible for memory.

Hippocampus

Part of the brain that filters incoming stimuli, relays information to other parts of the brain, and helps control arousal.

Reticular formation

Part of the brain that directs maintenance activities and is linked to emotion.

Hypothalamus

Part of the brain that controls voluntary motion.

Motor cortex.

Part of the cerebral cortex that processes sensations.

Sensory cortex.

Area of the cerebral cortex involved in higher mental functions, such as thinking.

Association Areas.

Large band of neural fibers connecting the brain’s two hemispheres.

Corpus callosum

Daily Double

Condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are separated.

Split brain