Vascular endothelial growth factor naked DNA gene transfer enhances thrombus recanalization and resolution Matthew Waltham, MA, PhD, Kevin Burnand, MS,

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Presentation transcript:

Vascular endothelial growth factor naked DNA gene transfer enhances thrombus recanalization and resolution Matthew Waltham, MA, PhD, Kevin Burnand, MS, Christiane Fenske, PhD, Bijan Modarai, BSc, MRCS, Julia Humphries, PhD, Alberto Smith, PhD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 42, Issue 6, Pages 1183-1189 (December 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2005.07.017 Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Section of psoas muscle adjacent to the vena cava following gene therapy with pCMVβ control plasmid. Myocytes expressing β-galactosidase stained blue (bar = 100 μm). Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 42, 1183-1189DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.07.017) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels in muscle after injection of phVEGF or pCMVβ control. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 42, 1183-1189DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.07.017) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Recanalization during normal and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-enhanced thrombus resolution. a, Scanning electron micrographs of cross section of naturally resolving 7- day-old thrombus at the level of the silk ligature (S) shows evidence of recanalization by the appearance of endothelial-like cell-lined spaces between the thrombus and vessel wall (b, inset) (bar = 100 μm). c, Transverse section of naturally resolving thrombus shows cell-lined recanalization channels (arrows) around the organizing thrombus by 7 days. These contain erythrocytes (stained yellow) showing that the channels are in continuity with the circulation (bar = 300 μm). d, Higher magnification of thrombus shows cell-lined channels appearing as early as 7 days in areas of organization (collagen deposition, blue stain) within the body of the thrombus. These channels also contain erythrocytes, again suggesting continuity with the circulation (arrows) (bar = 100 μm). e, f, Recanalization channels (arrows) forming in otherwise poorly organized areas of the thrombus contain a high erythrocyte content in animals treated with the phVEGF plasmid (bar = 100 μm). Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 42, 1183-1189DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.07.017) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Effect of phVEGF or control (pCMVβ) treatment on (a) thrombus size; and (b) area of recanalization expressed as a percentage of vein lumen. Columns show mean and standard error of mean. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 42, 1183-1189DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.07.017) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions