Solomon/Plains Science Dept. The Metric System 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Why do we need one system of measurement? Many measurements are made all around the world. Think about how confusing it would be if you sent measurements to someone on another continent and they couldn’t understand them. 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. The Metric System Le Systeme International d’Unites (SI system) hails from France. In 1960 it became the standard system of measurements used worldwide. 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Metric Units of Measurement Symbol Length meter m Mass kilogram kg Force (weight) Newton N Volume Liter L Temperature degree Celsius oC Time second s 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. Bigger or smaller? We would never measure a football field in inches, and for the same reason we need different lengths in the metric system. In the English System we use inches, feet, yards, or miles depending on the distance being measured. 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. Bigger or smaller? In the metric system we can make any measurement bigger or smaller by multiplying it or dividing it by 10. We add a prefix to show how many times the unit has been multiplied or divided by 10. 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Metric Prefixes Larger Measurements Smaller Measurements BASIC UNIT kilo (k) hecto (h) deca (da) deci (d) centi (c) milli (m) BASIC UNIT gram liter meter Here’s how the chart looks with grams. gram (g) kilogram (kg) hectogram (hg) decagram (dag) decigram (dg) centigram (cg) milligram (mg) 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. A Trick to Remember… To remember the correct order of the prefixes, use this sentence: King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk. What does the first letter of each word stand for? 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Using units and prefixes When a car is driving from Scranton to Plains what unit would be used to measure the distance that it traveled? Choose: millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. You should use kilometers because that would give you a number which is smaller and easier to work with. 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Using Prefixes (Converting) In the English System it is much more difficult to move between units. For example you need to know how many inches are in a foot and how many feet are in a yard, or mile. In metric you just need to know how many times to use 10. 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. Metric Prefixes Larger Measurements Smaller Measurements BASIC UNIT kilo (k) hecto (h) gram liter meter deca (da) deci (d) centi (c) milli (c) Because we use multiples of ten, when you change units you only need to know to move the decimal point one place left or right for each prefix you move on this chart. 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. Metric Prefixes BASIC UNIT kilo (k) kilometer (km) hecto (h) hectometer (hm) deca (da) decameter (dam) deci (d) decimeter (dm) centi (c) centimeter (cm) milli (m) millimeter (mm) meter Convert: 5mm into m Step 1: locate the decimal Step 2: find mm Step 3: find m Step 4: move the decimal point one place for each column you move through in the direction you move. 5mm = 0.005m 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. Metric Prefixes BASIC UNIT kilo (k) kiloliter (kL) hecto (h) hectoliter (hL) deca (da) decaliter (daL) deci (d) deciliter (dL) centi (c) centiliter (cL) milli (m) milliliter (mL) liter Convert: 27daL into cL Step 1: locate the decimal Step 2: find daL Step 2: find cL Step 3: move the decimal point one place for each column you move through in the direction you move. 27 daL = 2700 cL 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. Sample Problems: Perform these conversions in your notebook 7.3 L _______ mL 6.3 g  _______ cg 8 000g  ______ kg 23.56 cm ____ mm 170 m  ______ km 450 mm  _____ cm 365 kg ________ mg 4701 mL  _____ L 1.6741 hm  _____ cm 1 km  __________ m 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. Scientific Notation In science sometimes we deal with very large numbers and very small numbers. Scientific notation is using the power of 10 to shorten a number and make it easier to write. 5,000,000,000 = 5 X 109 .00000000000067 = 6.7 X 10-13 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Here’s how it works (Large Numbers) 34,000,000 – This number is thirty-four million. Step 1 – Locate the decimal. (34,000,000.) Step 2 – Move the decimal in-between the first 2 numbers (3.4000000) Step 3 – Count the number of spaces you moved the decimal. (34,000,000. to 3.4000000 is 7 spaces ) Step 4 – Take your new number and re write it in Scientific Notation (3.4 X 107) It is 10 to the positive 7th power because you moved the decimal 7 places to the left Large numbers are positive 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

How about a very small number 0.00000034 This number is 34 ten millionths Step 1 – locate the decimal (0.00000034) Step 2 – Move the decimal between the first two numbers (0000003.4) Step 3 – Count the number of spaces you moved the decimal (.00000034 to 0000003.4 is 7 spaces ) Step 4 – Re write in Scientific Notation (3.4 X 10-7) It is 10 to the negative 7th power because you moved the decimal 7 places to the right Small numbers are negative 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Lets try some problems together 74,000. Move decimal ______________ Always remember you need to multiple your new decimal by 10 Rewrite in Scientific Notation __________ 4 places  (7.4) 7.4 X 104 0.0059 Move decimal __________ Multiple by 10, but because it is small number, the exponent will be negative Rewrite in Scientific Notation_________ 3 places (5.9) 5.9 X 10-3 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Practice some on your own 51,000 = ____X 10__ 7,900,000 = ____ X 10__ 89,000,000 = ____ X 10__ 600 = ____ X 10__ 0.00048 = ____ X 10__ 0.000003 = ____ X 10__ 0.000000064 = ____ X 10__ 0.002 = ____ X 10__ 5.1 4 6 7.9 Don’t forget always use positive integers for large numbers and negative integers for small or decimal numbers 7 8.9 2 6.0 4.8 -4 3.0 -6 -8 6.4 -3 2.0 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.

Solomon/Plains Science Dept. Homework 7,400,000 81,000 90,000,000 450 6,300 850,000,000 3,450 79,000 0.00024 0.004 0.000097 0.000006 0.000053 0.000000068 0.00000000012 0.012 11/21/2018 Solomon/Plains Science Dept.