Nucleic Acids.

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleic Acids

Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid Nucleic Acids Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid Roles: Information storage Work together to translate stored data into functioning proteins Atoms and structure: C, H, O, N, P DNA is a double helix and long RNA is a single chain; three types so length can vary

Nucleic Acids Monomers: Nucleotides make up the basis of both DNA and RNA Each nucleotide consists of: A nitrogenous base (guanine, cytosine, adenine, RNA – uracil, DNA – thymine) A pentose sugar (deoxyribose or ribose) A phosphate group

Nucleic Acid A nucleotide…

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acid Polymers: DNA’s nucleotides form two sides of a long ‘ladder’ that coils in water Each side runs antiparallel RNA’s nucleotides form one straight chain that folds upon itself to form functional shape mRNA: single side copy of info on DNA strand tRNA: carrier molecule for amino acids rRNA: part of the structure of ribsomes

Nucleic Acids Linkages: Nucleotide + Nucleotide by a phosphodiester bond DNA strands across the middle by H-bonds (temporary but relatively strong) Reactions: Build: Dehydration Synthesis Break: Hydrolysis (between nucleotides)